Answer:
The shear plane angle and shear strain are 28.21° and 2.155 respectively.
Explanation:
(a)
Orthogonal cutting is the cutting process in which cutting direction or cutting velocity is perpendicular to the cutting edge of the part surface.
Given:
Rake angle is 12°.
Chip thickness before cut is 0.32 mm.
Chip thickness is 0.65 mm.
Calculation:
Step1
Chip reduction ratio is calculated as follows:


r = 0.4923
Step2
Shear angle is calculated as follows:

Here,
is shear plane angle, r is chip reduction ratio and
is rake angle.
Substitute all the values in the above equation as follows:




Thus, the shear plane angle is 28.21°.
(b)
Step3
Shears train is calculated as follows:


.
Thus, the shear strain rate is 2.155.
Answer: Option D, piezoelectric pressure guage
Explanation: Quartz crystal possess a very useful quality in science as they can generate small charges when pressure is applied to them or when they are hit. This property can be harnessed to construct a piezoelectric pressure gauge which would be used to measure and indicate changes in pressure, the quartz crystal releases little voltage each time there is an applied pressure . This device would be able to sense changes in pressure as there would voltage proportional to the applied pressure.
Answer:
Net discharge per hour will be 3.5325 
Explanation:
We have given internal diameter d = 25 mm
Time = 1 hour = 3600 sec
So radius 
We know that area is given by

We know that discharge is given by
, here A is area and V is velocity
So 
So net discharge in 1 hour = 