In terms of physically observing it, if the substance is a lions based substance, like oil or margarine, depending on the state, this will inform how well the hydrocarbons can pack together well or not, or will there be bends in the ring preventing the molecules from packing well.
Liquids are unsaturated
Solids are saturated.
1) Calcium carbonate contains 40.0% calcium by weight.
M(CaCO₃)=100.1 g/mol
M(Ca)=40.1 g/mol
w(Ca)=40.1/100.1=0.400 (40.0%)!
2) Mass fraction of this is excessive data.
3) The solution is:
m(Ca)=1.2 g
m(CaCO₃)=M(CaCO₃)*m(Ca)/M(Ca)
m(CaCO₃)=100.1g/mol*1.2g/40.1g/mol=3.0 g
