Question

Explain what happens to the average kinetic energy, thermal energy, and temperature of a substance when the particles in the substance slow down

Answer 1

Kinetic, thermal, and the temperature of the substance all decrease when the particles slow down.

Answer 2

Answer:

Average kinetic energy decreases

Thermal energy decreases

Temperature decreases

Explanation:

As the particles in a substance slow down then the kinetic energy of all the molecules will decreases.

As we know that kinetic energy is given as

$KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2$

As we know that sum of kinetic energy of all the molecules is the molecules is known as internal thermal energy.

So here since kinetic energy decreases so internal thermal energy also decreases.

Now as we know that total internal thermal energy directly depends on temperature as

$U = \frac{3}{2}nRT$

so here as internal thermal energy decreases so its temperature also decreases.