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lyudmila [28]
3 years ago
10

An excited electron in an Na atom emits radiation at a wavelength 589 nm and returns to the ground state. If the mean time for t

he transition is about 20 ns, calculate the inherent width in the emission line. What is the length of the photon emitted
Engineering
1 answer:
11Alexandr11 [23.1K]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:   Inherent width in the emission line: 9.20 × 10⁻¹⁵ m or 9.20 fm

                length of the photon emitted: 6.0 m

Explanation:

The emitted wavelength is 589 nm and the transition time is ∆t = 20 ns.

Recall the Heisenberg's uncertainty principle:-

                                 ∆t∆E ≈ h ( Planck's Constant)

The transition time ∆t corresponds to the energy that is ∆E

E=h/t = \frac{(1/2\pi)*6.626*10x^{-34} J.s}{20*10x^{-9} } = 5.273*10x^{-27} J =  3.29* 10^{-8} eV.

The corresponding uncertainty in the emitted frequency ∆v is:

∆v= ∆E/h = (5.273*10^-27 J)/(6.626*10^ J.s)=  7.958 × 10^6 s^-1

To find the corresponding spread in wavelength and hence the line width ∆λ, we can differentiate

                                                    λ = c/v

                                                    dλ/dv = -c/v² = -λ²/c

Therefore,

      ∆λ = (λ²/c)*(∆v) = {(589*10⁻⁹ m)²/(3.0*10⁸ m/s)} * (7.958*10⁶ s⁻¹)

                                 =  9.20 × 10⁻¹⁵ m or 9.20 fm

     The length of the photon (<em>l)</em> is

l = (light velocity) × (emission duration)

  = (3.0 × 10⁸  m/s)(20 × 10⁻⁹ s) = 6.0 m          

                                                   

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