Consider an electron with charge −e and mass m orbiting in a circle around a hydrogen nucleus (a single proton) with charge +e.
1 answer:
Answer:
,
Explanation:
The magnitude of the electromagnetic force between the electron and the proton in the nucleus is equal to the centripetal force:
where
k is the Coulomb constant
e is the magnitude of the charge of the electron
e is the magnitude of the charge of the proton in the nucleus
r is the distance between the electron and the nucleus
v is the speed of the electron
is the mass of the electron
Solving for v, we find
Inside an atom of hydrogen, the distance between the electron and the nucleus is approximately
while the electron mass is
and the charge is
Substituting into the formula, we find
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