Answer:
a) v = √ 2gL abd b) θ = 45º
Explanation:
a) for this part we use the law of conservation of energy,
Highest starting point
Em₀ = U = mg h
Final point. Lower
Em₂ = ½ m v²
Em₀ = Em₂
m g h = ½ m v²
v = √2g h
v = √ 2gL
b) the definition of power is the relationship between work and time, but work is the product of force by displacement
P = W / t = F. d / t = F. v
If we use Newton's second law, with one axis of the tangential reference system to the trajectory and the other perpendicular, in the direction of the rope, the only force we have to break down is the weight
sin θ = Wt / W
Wt = W sin θ
This force is parallel to the movement and also to the speed, whereby the scalar product is reduced to the ordinary product
P = F v
The equation that describes the pendulum's motion is
θ = θ₀ cos (wt)
Let's replace
P = (W sin θ) θ₀ cos (wt)
P = W θ₀ sint θ cos (wt)
We use the equation of rotational kinematics
θ = wt
P = Wθ₀ sin θ cos θ
Let's use
sin 2θ = 2 sin θ cos θ
P = Wθ₀/2 sin 2θ
This expression is maximum when the sine has a value of one (sin 2θ = 1), which occurs for 90º,
2θ = 90
θ = 45º
D.
This is an accordance with Newton's First Law of Motion, stating that objects in motion remain in motion and objects at rest remain at rest unless acted upon by an external force.
I believe the two ways to increase an object’s potential energy, is either by an object’s placement or by an object moving up a gradient. So the higher the object is according to its initial height, the higher the potential energy. And when an object is at a constant velocity moving up a hill, the gravitational potential is increasing, while the kinetic energy is decreasing.
