Answer:
it is the impact of a meteorite, volcanic activity, or an explosion.
Answer : The static friction depends on two factors
1. Roughness of the surface
2. Force
Explanation : Friction occur when surface is not smooth.
The formula of friction is

Static friction depends on the roughness of the surface and force which is trying to push to object along the surface.
Static friction is caused by the attraction between two surfaces that are in contact. when the surface will rough and the object will heavier then the force will be larger.
Answer:
C.) The amount of mass used up in holding a nucleus together.
Explanation:
The mass defect of a nucleus represents the mass of the energy binding the nucleus. It is the difference between the mass of the nucleus and the sum of the masses of the nucleons of which it is composed.
Regards!
Energy can not be created or destroyed but can change from one form to another.
example: as a roller coaster cart loses height the more speed it gains, the potential energy is transferred into kenetic energy
The direction of the force experienced by the positive charge is upward.
We can use the right-hand rule to understand the direction of the Lorentz force acting on the charge: let's put the thumb in the same direction of the current in the wire (eastward), while the other fingers "wrap themselves" around the wire. These other fingers give the direction of the Lorentz force in every point of the space around the wire. Since the charge is located north of the wire, in that point the fingers are directed upward, so the positive charge experiences a force directed upward.
(if it was a negative charge, we should have taken the opposite direction)