Telescope can be defined as am optical instrument which is designed to observe the distant objects clear and nearer. It comprises of arrangement of lenses which allow the rays of light to be collected. The collected light is focused and the image so produced is magnified in the form of an image. The telescopes are prepared and manufactured on mountains top as this will help in preventing the distortion of light obtain from the star due to the fluctuation of air mass in the atmosphere. The atmospheric distortion affects the resolution, and affects the vision. The atmospheric pressure is low at the mountain tops so it will help in better observation of the sky.

6 0

2 years ago

Compare the wavelengths of an electron (mass = 9.11 × 10−31 kg) and a proton (mass = 1.67 × 10−27 kg), each having (a) a speed o

Ad libitum [116K]

Answer:

Part A:

The proton has a smaller wavelength than the electron.

$\lambda_{proton} = 6.05x10^{-14}m$ < $\lambda_{electron} = 1.10x10^{-10}m$

Part B:

The proton has a smaller wavelength than the electron.

$\lambda_{proton} = 1.29x10^{-13}m$ < $\lambda_{electron} = 5.525x10^{-12}m$

Explanation:

The wavelength of each particle can be determined by means of the De Broglie equation.

$\lambda = \frac{h}{p}$ (1)

Where h is the Planck's constant and p is the momentum.

$\lambda = \frac{h}{mv}$ (2)

Part A

Case for the electron:

$\lambda = \frac{6.624x10^{-34} J.s}{(9.11x10^{-31}Kg)(6.55x10^{6}m/s)}$

But $J = Kg.m^{2}/s^{2}$

$\lambda = \frac{6.624x10^{-34}Kg.m^{2}/s^{2}.s}{(9.11x10^{-31}Kg)(6.55x10^{6}m/s)}$

$\lambda = 1.10x10^{-10}m$

Case for the proton:

$\lambda = \frac{6.624x10^{-34}Kg.m^{2}/s^{2}.s}{(1.67x10^{-27}Kg)(6.55x10^{6}m/s)}$

$\lambda = 6.05x10^{-14}m$

Hence, the proton has a smaller wavelength than the electron.

<em>Part B </em>

For part b, the wavelength of the electron and proton for that energy will be determined.

First, it is necessary to find the velocity associated to that kinetic energy:

$KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^{2}$

$2KE = mv^{2}$

$v^{2} = \frac{2KE}{m}$

$v = \sqrt{\frac{2KE}{m}}$ (3)

Case for the electron:

$v = \sqrt{\frac{2(7.89x10^{-15}J)}{9.11x10^{-31}Kg}}$

but $1J = kg \cdot m^{2}/s^{2}$

$v = \sqrt{\frac{2(7.89x10^{-15}kg \cdot m^{2}/s^{2})}{9.11x10^{-31}Kg}}$

$v = 1.316x10^{8}m/s$

Then, equation 2 can be used:

$\lambda = \frac{6.624x10^{-34}Kg.m^{2}/s^{2}.s}{(9.11x10^{-31}Kg)(1.316x10^{8}m/s)}$

$\lambda = 5.525x10^{-12}m$

Case for the proton :

$v = \sqrt{\frac{2(7.89x10^{-15}J)}{1.67x10^{-27}Kg}}$

But $1J = kg \cdot m^{2}/s^{2}$

$v = \sqrt{\frac{2(7.89x10^{-15}kg \cdot m^{2}/s^{2})}{1.67x10^{-27}Kg}}$

$v = 3.07x10^{6}m/s$

Then, equation 2 can be used:

$\lambda = \frac{6.624x10^{-34}Kg.m^{2}/s^{2}.s}{(1.67x10^{-27}Kg)(3.07x10^{6}m/s)}$

$\lambda = 1.29x10^{-13}m$

Hence, the proton has a smaller wavelength than the electron.

7 0

3 years ago

A high-speed flywheel in a motor is spinning at 450 rpm when a power failure suddenly occurs. The flywheel has mass 40.0 kg and

alexira [117]

Answer:

A) $\omega_f=17.503\ rad.s^{-1}$

B) $t=55.6822\ s$

C) $\theta=1312\ rad$

Explanation:

Given:

mass of flywheel, $m=40\ kg$

diameter of flywheel, $d=0.72\ m$

rotational speed of flywheel, $N_i=450\ rpm \Rightarrow \omega_i=\frac{450\times 2\pi}{60} =15\pi\ rad.s^{-1}$

duration for which the power is off, $t_0=35\ s$

no. of revolutions made during the power is off, $\theta=180\times 2\pi=360\pi\ rad$

<u>Using equation of motion:</u>

$\theta=\omega_i.t+\frac{1}{2} \alpha.t^2$

$360\pi=15\pi\times 35+\frac{1}{2} \times \alpha\times35^2$

$\alpha=-0.8463\ rad.s^{-2}$

Negative sign denotes deceleration.

Now using the equation:

$\omega_f=\omega_i+\alpha.t$

$\omega_f=15\pi-0.8463\times 35$

$\omega_f=17.503\ rad.s^{-1}$ is the angular velocity of the flywheel when the power comes back.

Here:

$\omega_f=0\ rad.s^{-1}$

Now using the equation:

$\omega_f=\omega_i+\alpha.t$

$0=15\pi-0.8463\times t$

$t=55.6822\ s$ is the time after which the flywheel stops.

Using the equation of motion:

$\theta=\omega_i.t+\frac{1}{2} \alpha.t^2$

$\theta=15\pi\times 55.68225-0.5\times 0.8463\times 55.68225^2$

$\theta=1312\ rad$ revolutions are made before stopping.

3 0

3 years ago

Circle the letter of each expression that has four significant figures. A. 1.25 x 10^4 B. 12.51 C. 0.0125 D. 0.1255

Andreyy89

Answer:

letter B

none zero digit are significant figures

3 0

3 years ago