Answer:
(N-1) × (L/2R) = (N-1)/2
Explanation:
let L is length of packet
R is rate
N is number of packets
then
first packet arrived with 0 delay
Second packet arrived at = L/R
Third packet arrived at = 2L/R
Nth packet arrived at = (n-1)L/R
Total queuing delay = L/R + 2L/R + ... + (n - 1)L/R = L(n - 1)/2R
Now
L / R = (1000) / (10^6 ) s = 1 ms
L/2R = 0.5 ms
average queuing delay for N packets = (N-1) * (L/2R) = (N-1)/2
the average queuing delay of a packet = 0 ( put N=1)
Answer:
The conversion in the real reactor is = 88%
Explanation:
conversion = 98% = 0.98
process rate = 0.03 m^3/s
length of reactor = 3 m
cross sectional area of reactor = 25 dm^2
pulse tracer test results on the reactor :
mean residence time ( tm) = 10 s and variance (∝2) = 65 s^2
note: space time (t) =
t =
Vo = flow metric flow rate , L = length of reactor , A = cross sectional area of the reactor
therefore (t) =
= 25 s
since the reaction is in first order
X = 1 - 
= 1 - X
kt = In 
k = In
/ t
X = 98% = 0.98 (conversion in PFR ) insert the value into the above equation then
K = 0.156 
Calculating Da for a closed vessel
; Da = tk
= 25 * 0.156 = 3.9
calculate Peclet number Per using this equation
0.65 = 
therefore

solving the Non-linear equation above( Per = 1.5 )
Attached is the Remaining part of the solution
Answer:
sorry I couldn't help you
Answer:
the work required by a reversible pump operating with the same conditions, in kW is 16.39 kW
the isentropic pump efficiency is 78%
Explanation:
Given that;
m = 1.2 kg/sec
T = 50 degree Celsius { Vf = 0.001012 m^3/kg}
P1 = 1.5 Mpa
P2 = 15 Mpa
W-actual = 21 kw
W reversible = m*Vf (p2 - p1)
= 1.2 * 0.001012 * ( 15*10^3 - 1.5*10^3)
= 1.2 * 0.001012 * 13500
= 16.39 kW
the work required by a reversible pump operating with the same conditions, in kW is 16.39 kW
Isentropic Pump efficiency = W-reversible / W-actual
= 16.39 / 21 = 0.78
= 78%
the isentropic pump efficiency is 78%
Answer:
0.163 MW
Explanation:
To get the minimum rate of energy rehection by heat transfer to cold reservoir, it implies that the power cycle operates in reversible cycle. The efficiency of reversible cycle whose value will be same as efficiency of power cycle will be given by
Efficiency of reversible cycle
n= (Th-Tc)/Th where T represent temperature, n efficiency, subscripts h and c hot and cold respectively
Substituting 500 and 310 for hot and cold temperatures respectively then efficiency
n=(500-310)/500=0.38
Efficiency of power cycle, n= Power output/Qh
Qh= 0.1/0.38= 0.263
Net power output, W= Qh- Qc
Qc=Qh-W= 0.263-0.1=0.163 MW