Concept Review 14.11. Can a reaction that is not reversible achieve chemical equilibrium?

The equilibrium constant, Kc, for the following

umka21 [38]

Answer:

2CH2Cl2(g) Doublearrow CH4(g) + CCl4(g)

0.205 moles of CH2Cl2 is introduced. Let by the time an equilibrium is reached x moles each of CH4 and CCl4 are formed => remaining moles of CH2Cl2 are 0.205-x

i.e at equilibrium the concentration on CH2Cl2 is (0.205-2x) mol/L, CH4 is x mol/L, CCl4 is x mol/L

Now the equilibrium constant equation : K = [CH4][CCl4]/[CH2Cl2]^2 ([.] - stands for concentration of the term inside the bracket)

10.5 = x*x/(0.205-2x)^2

=> 10.5(4x^2-0.82x+0.042) = x^2

=>42x^2-8.61x+0.441=x^2

=>41x^2-8.61x+0.441 = 0

This is a Quadratic in x, solving for the roots, we get x = 0.0886 , x = 0.121

The second solution for x will lead 0.205-2x to become negative, so is an infeasible solution.

Therefore equilibrium concentrations of the products and reactants correspond to x=0.0886 and they are , [CH2Cl2] = 0.205-2*0.0886 =0.0278 mol/L , [CH4] = 0.0886 mol/L , [CCl4] = 0.0886 mol/L

4 0

3 years ago

HELP WITH CHEMISTRY PLEASE!

maria [59]

Answer:

1) 1.52 atm.

2) 647.85 K.

3) 20.56 L.

4) 1.513 mole.

5) 254.22 K = -18.77 °C.

Explanation:

In all this points, we should use the law of ideal gas to solve this problem: PV = nRT.
Where, P is the pressure (atm), V is the volume (L), n is the number of moles, R is the general gas constant (0.082 L.atm/mol.K), and T is the temperature (K).

1) In this point; n, R, and T are constants and the variables are P and V.

P and V are inversely proportional to each other that if we have two cases we get: P1V1 = P2V2.

In our problem:

P1 = ??? (is needed to be calculated) and V1 = 45.0 L.

P2 = 5.7 atm and V2 = 12.0 L.

Then, the original pressure (P1) = P2V2 / V1 = (5.7 atm x 12.0 L) / (45.0 L) = 1.52 atm.

2) In this case, n and R are the constants and the variables are P, V, and T.

P and V are inversely proportional to each other and both of them are directly proportional to the temperature of the gas that if we have two cases we get: P1V1T2 = P2V2T1.

In our problem:

P1 = 212.0 kPa, V1 = 32.0 L, and T1 = 20.0 °C = (20 °C + 273) = 293 K.

P2 = 300.0 kPa, V2= 50.0 L, and T2 = ??? (is needed to be calculated)

Then, the temperature in the second case (T2) = P2V2T1 / P1V1 = (300.0 kPa x 50.0 L x 293 K) / (212.0 kPa x 32.0 L) = 647.85 K.

3) In this case, P, n and R are the constants and the variables are V, and T.

V and T are directly proportional to each other that if we have two cases we get: V1T2 = V2T1.

In our problem:

V1 = 25.0 L and T1 = 65.0 °C + 273 = 338 K.

V2 = ??? (is needed to be calculated) and T2 = 5.0 °C + 273 = 278 K.

Herein, there is no necessary to convert T into K.

Then, the volume in the second case (V2) = V1T2 / T1 = (25.0 L x 278 °C) / (338 °C) = 20.56 L.

4) We can get the number of moles that will fill the container from: n = PV/RT.

P = 250.0 kPa, we must convert the unit from kPa to atm; 101.325 kPa = 1.0 atm, then P = (1.0 atm x 250.0 kPa) / (101.325 kPa) = 2.467 atm.

V = 16.0 L.

R = 0.082 L.atm/mol.K.

T = 45 °C + 273 = 318 K.

Now, n = PV/RT = (2.467 atm x 16.0 L) / (0.082 L.atm/mol.K x 318 K) = 1.513 mole.

5) In this case, V, n and R are the constants and the variables are P, and T.

P and T are directly proportional to each other that if we have two cases we get: P1T2 = P2T1.

In our problem:

P1 = 2200.0 mmHg and T1 = ??? (is needed to be calculated) .

P2 = 2700.0 mmHg and T2 = 39.0 °C + 273 = 312.0 K.

Herein, there is no necessary to convert P into atm.

Then, the temperature in the morning (T1) = P1T2 / P2 = (2200.0 mmHg x 312.0 K) / (2700.0 mmHg) = 254.22 K = -18.77 °C.

6 0

3 years ago

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What is the relationship between mass and gravity

masha68 [24]

Mass causes gravity.

5 0

2 years ago

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Why would you need a locating agent in an experiment to separate amino acids by chromatography

Nadusha1986 [10]

A locating agent is needed in an experiment to separate amino acids by chromatography as it helps to analyze colorless substances on paper.

<h3>What is chromatography?</h3>

Chromatography is an analytical method frequently used to separate a chemical mixture into its components, allowing for in-depth analysis of each component.

There are many different types of chromatography including liquid, gas, ion-exchange, and affinity chromatography, but they all use the same basic principle.

<h3>What is the use of a locating agent in Chromatography?</h3>

In paper chromatography, colorless compounds are examined using a locating agent.

It is a chemical that combines with colorless substances to produce colorful compounds that are easy to see for analysis. Ninhydrin spray is an example of a locating agent of this type.

Thus, a locating agent is used in an experiment to separate amino acids by chromatography as it helps in determining colorless substances on paper.

Learn more about chromatography:

brainly.com/question/11960023

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5 0

2 years ago

Urea, CO(NH2)2, is manufactured on a large scale for use in producing urea-formaldehyde plastics and as a fertilizer. What is th

Pachacha [2.7K]

Answer:

5.004kg

Explanation:

Combustion of carbon

C+O2=CO2

from the relationship of molar ratio

mass of carbon/molar mass of carbon=volume of CO2 produced\molar vol(22.4 dm3)

mass of carbon =1000kg

atomic mass of carbon =12

volume of CO2 produced=1000×22.4/12

volume of CO2 produced =1866.6dm3

from the combustion reaction equation provided

CO2 (g) + 2NH3 (g) ⟶ CO (NH2 )2 (s) + H2 O(l)

applying the same relationship of molar ratio

no of mole of CO2=no of mole of urea

therefore

vol of CO2\22.4=mass of urea/molar mass of urea

molar mass of urea=60.06g/mol

from the first calculation

vol of CO2=1866.6dm3

mass of urea=1866.6×60.06/22.4

mass of urea=5004.82kg

7 0

3 years ago

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