Which of the following water solutions would likely have the highest boiling point?

an electron in the 3rd shell of an Aluminium atom moves to the first shell in a bombardment process. Calculate the frequency of

Liula [17]

Following the quantic theory, the energy of a photon equals the radiation frequency multiplied by the universal constant. ν = 2.923x10¹⁵ Hz. E = 3.09x10¹⁵Hz.

<h3>What is quantum mechanic?</h3>

It is the branch of physics that studies objects and forces at a very low scale, at atoms, subatoms, and particles levels.

Quantum mechanics states that the elemental particles that constitute matter -electrons, neutrons, protons- have the properties of a wave and a particle.

It emerges from the quantic theory exposed by Max Planck (1922), in which he affirmed that light propagates in energy packages or photons.

He discovered the Universal Planck constant, h, used to calculate the energy of a photon.

He stated that the energy of a photon (E) equals the radiation frequency (ν) multiplied by the universal constant (h).

E = νh

In the exposed example, we need to calculate the energy required to change from the 3rd shell to the first shell.

To do it, we should know that the energy in a level (Eₙ) equals the energy associated to an electron in the most inferior energy level (E₁) divided by the square of the shell number (n²).

Eₙ = E₁ / n²

E₁ is a constant. We can express it in Joules or electroVolts

E₁ = -2.18x10⁻¹⁸ J
E₁ = -13.6 eV

So, let us calculate the energy at level 1 and 3

Eₙ = E₁ / n²

E₁ = -2.18x10⁻¹⁸ J / 1² = -2.18x10⁻¹⁸ J

E₁ = -13.6 eV / 1² = -13.6 eV

E₃ = -2.18x10⁻¹⁸ J / 3² = -2.18x10⁻¹⁸ J / 9 = - 2.42x10⁻¹⁹ J

E₃ = -13.6 eV / 3² = -13.6 eV / 9 = - 1.51 eV

The change of energy can be calculated in two ways,

Option 1

ΔE = E₁ - E₃ = 2.18x10⁻¹⁸ - 2.42x10⁻¹⁹ = 1.93x10⁻¹⁸J

ΔE = E₁ - E₃ = 13.6 - 1.51 = 12.09 eV

Option 2

ΔE = -2.18x10⁻¹⁸ J (1/nf² - 1/ni²)

ΔE =-13.6 eV (1/nf² - 1/ni²)

Where nf is the final level and ni is the initial level. When the electron passes from its initial level to its final level it is called electronic transition.

ni = 3
nf = 1

ΔE = -2.18x10⁻¹⁸ J (1/nf² - 1/ni²)

ΔE = -2.18x10⁻¹⁸ J (1/1² - 1/3²)

ΔE = -2.18x10⁻¹⁸ J (1 - 0.111)

ΔE = -2.18x10⁻¹⁸ J (0.888)

ΔE = - 1.937x10⁻¹⁸ J

or

ΔE = -13.6 eV (1/nf² - 1/ni²)

ΔE = -13.6 eV (1/1² - 1/3²)

ΔE = -13.6 eV (1 - 0.111)

ΔE = -13.6 eV (0.888)

ΔE = -12.08 eV

This is the energy required for the electron to go from n= 3 to n = 1. The negative sign (-) means energy (as light or photons) released or emitted.

If we want to express the result in Hz, we just need to make a conversion.

1Hz ⇔ 6.626x10⁻³⁴J ⇔ 4.136x10¹⁵ eV.

The energy required for the electron to go from n= 3 to n = 1 is 3.09x10¹⁵ Hz.

Now, we need to calculate the frequency, ν. This is, how many times the wave oscillates back and foward per second.

To do it, we will use the universal Planck constant, h, and the absolute value of the energy, E.

ν = E/h = 1.937x10⁻¹⁸ J / 6.626x10⁻³⁴ Js = 2.923x10¹⁵ 1/s = 2.923x10¹⁵ Hz.

Answer:

Frequency, ν = E/h = 2.923x10¹⁵ Hz.
Energy, E = 3.09x10¹⁵ Hz.

You can learn more about quantum mechanic at

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5 0

1 year ago

All of the following statements concerning voltaic cells are true EXCEPT

MissTica

Answer:

oxidation occurs at the cathode.

Explanation:

In a voltaic cell electrons move from anode to cathode. At the anode, species give up electrons. This is an oxidation reaction depicted by the oxidation half equation. At the cathode, species accept electrons and become reduced. This is depicted by the reduction half equation. In summary; in a Voltaic cell, oxidation occurs at the anode while reduction occurs at the cathode.

3 0

3 years ago

Daniel has a sample of pure copper. Its mass is 89.6 grams (g), and its volume is 10 cubic centimeters (cm3). What’s the density

kodGreya [7K]

Density = mass /volume = 89.6/10 = 8.96gm/cm^3.

5 0

2 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Using the information in the table, calculate the number of moles in a \pu{7.89 kg}7.89 kg7, point, 89, space, k, g sample of as

Karolina [17]

We have to find the number of moles in a 7.89 kg sample of aspirin.

The formula of aspirin is: C₉H₈O₄

We are given the molar mass of C, H and O:

H: 1.008 g/mol C: 12.01 g/mol O: 16.00 g/mol

Since one molecule of aspirin has 9 atoms of C, 8 atoms of H and 4 atoms of O, and using the molar masses given, we can calculate the molar mass of aspirin:

molar mass of aspirin = 9 * 12.01 g/mol + 8 * 1.008 g/mol + 4 * 16.00 g/mol

molar mass of aspirin = 180.154 g/mol

Before we find the number of moles we can convert 7.89 kg to g. Since we know that there are 1000 g in 1 kg, we can convert it like this:

1000 g = 1 kg

mass of sample = 7.89 kg * 1000 g/1 kg

mass of sample = 7890 g

Finally, we can find the number of moles in the sample using the molar mass.

number of moles = 7890 g * 1 mol/180.154 g

number of moles = 43.795 moles

Answer: The number of moles in the sample is 43.8 moles (using 3 SF)

7 0

10 months ago

What best describes why a liquid needs a container when a solid does not?

kvv77 [185]

Because if you have a liquid then you need a glass to keep it together and when it is a solid it is already together so you don't need to do anything

7 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers