Which three quantities can be used to calculate acceleration?

1 answer:

4 0

D is the correct answer, assuming that this is the special case of classical kinematics at constant acceleration. You can use the equation V = Vo + at, where Vo is the initial velocity, V is the final velocity, and t is the time elapsed. In D, all three of these values are given, so you simply solve for a, the acceleration.
A and C are clearly incorrect, as mass and force (in terms of projectile motion) have no effect on an object's motion. B is incorrect because it is not useful to know the position or distance traveled, unless it will help you find displacement. Even then, you would not have enough information to use a kinematics equation to find a.

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Answer:

v= 4.0 m/s

Explanation:

When standing on the bathroom scale within the moving elevator, there are two forces acting on Henry's mass: Normal force and gravity.
Gravity is always downward, and normal force is perpendicular to the surface on which the mass is located (the bathroom scale), in upward direction.
Normal force, can adopt any value needed to match the acceleration of the mass, according to Newton's 2nd Law.
Gravity (which we call weight near the Earth's surface) can be calculated as follows:

$F_{g} = m*g = 95 kg * 9.8 m/s2 = 930 N (1)$

According to Newton's 2nd Law, it must be met the following condition:

$F_{net} = F_{g} -F_{n} = m*a\\ F_{net} = 930 N - 830 N = 100 N = 95 Kg * a$

As the gravity is larger than normal force, this means that the acceleration is downward, so, we choose this direction as the positive.

Solving for a, we get:

$a =\frac{F_{net} }{m} =\frac{100 N}{95 kg} = 1.05 m/s2$

We can find the speed after the first 3.8 s (assuming a is constant), applying the definition of acceleration as the rate of change of velocity:

$v_{f} = a* t = 1.05 m/s * 3.8 m/s = 4.0 m/s$

Now, if during the next 3.8 s, normal force is 930 N (same as the weight), this means that both forces are equal each other, so net force is 0.
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As the elevator was moving, the only choice is that it is moving at a constant speed, the same that it had when the scale was read for the first time, i.e., 4 m/s downward.

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