Answer:
Hydrogen ion concentration is more conveniently expressed as pH, which is the logarithm of the reciprocal of the hydrogen ion concentration in gram moles per liter. Thus, in a neutral solution the hydrogen ion (H+) and the hydroxyl ion (OH−) concentrations are equal, and each is equal to 10−7. A pH of 7 is neutral
Solution :
It is given that :
Weight of the antacid tablet = 5.4630 g
4.3620 gram of antacid is crushed and is added to the stomach acid of 200 mL and is reacted.
25 mL of the stomach acid that is partially neutralized required 13.6 mL of NaOH to be titrated for a red end point.
27.7 mL of 
solution is equivalent to 
of the original stomach acid. Therefore, 13.6 mL of NaOH will take x 
= 12.27 ml of the original stomach acid.
To get the value of ΔG we need to get first the value of ΔG°:
when ΔG° = - R*T*㏑K
when R is constant in KJ = 0.00831 KJ
T is the temperature in Kelvin = 25+273 = 298 K
and K is the equilibrium constant = 4.5 x 10^-4
so by substitution:
∴ ΔG° = - 0.00831 * 298 K * ㏑4.5 x 10^-4
= -19 KJ
then, we can now get the value of ΔG when:
ΔG = ΔG° - RT*㏑[HNO2]/[H+][NO2]
when ΔG° = -19 KJ
and R is constant in KJ = 0.00831
and T is the temperature in Kelvin = 298 K
and [HNO2] = 0.21 m & [H+] = 5.9 x 10^-2 & [NO2-] = 6.3 x 10^-4 m
so, by substitution:
ΔG = -19 KJ - 0.00831 * 298K* ㏑(0.21/5.9x10^-2*6.3 x10^-4 )
= -40
Answer:
λ = 1*10⁻¹⁰m
Explanation:
Frequency (f) = 3.0*10¹²MHz = 3.0*10¹⁸Hz
Speed (v) = 3.0*10⁸m/s
Speed (v) of a wave = frequency (f) * wavelength (λ)
V = fλ
Solve for λ,
λ = v / f
λ = 3.0*10⁸ / 3.0*10¹⁸
λ = 1*10⁻¹⁰m
λ = 0.
