Planck suggested that light/energy was absorbed/released in certain amounts, called quanta.
Weathering of the rock and sedimentation are decomposition processes. Through time, the minerals in the rocks soften due to pressure and heat. So, they crumble down and reduce in terms of size. Once they do, they become sand or part of the soil. So, the answer is A.
The answer is C. Hydrogen Bond
The Earth is divided into three chemical layers: the Core [Inner Core (D) and Outer Core (C)], the Mantle (B) and the Crust (A). The Core is predominantly composed of iron and nickel. Even after 4.5 billion years of cooling, the Earth's core remains very hot.
You could use distillation.
Hope this helps