The law of conservation of mass or principle of mass conservation states that for any system closed to all transfers of matter and energy, the mass of the system must remain constant over time, as system's mass cannot change, so quantity cannot be added nor removed. Hence, the quantity of mass is conserved over time.
The law implies that mass can neither be created nor destroyed, although it may be rearranged in space, or the entities associated with it may be changed in form. For example, in chemical reactions, the mass of the chemical components before the reaction is equal to the mass of the components after the reaction. Thus, during any chemical reaction and low-energy thermodynamic processes in an isolated system, the total mass of the reactants, or starting materials, must be equal to the mass of the products.
The concept of mass conservation is widely used in many fields such as chemistry, mechanics, and fluid dynamics. Historically, mass conservation was demonstrated in chemical reactions independently by Mikhail Lomonosov and later rediscovered by Antoine Lavoisier in the late 18th century. The formulation of this law was of crucial importance in the progress from alchemyto the modern natural science of chemistry.
The conservation of mass only holds approximately and is considered part of a series of assumptions coming from classical mechanics. The law has to be modified to comply with the laws of quantum mechanics and special relativityunder the principle of mass-energy equivalence, which states that energy and mass form one conserved quantity. For very energetic systems the conservation of mass-only is shown not to hold, as is the case in nuclear reactions and particle-antiparticle annihilation in particle physics.
Mass is also not generally conserved in open systems. Such is the case when various forms of energy and matter are allowed into, or out of, the system. However, unless radioactivity or nuclear reactions are involved, the amount of energy escaping (or entering) such systems as heat, mechanical work, or electromagnetic radiation is usually too small to be measured as a decrease (or increase) in the mass of the system.
For systems where large gravitational fields are involved, general relativity has to be taken into account, where mass-energy conservation becomes a more complex concept, subject to different definitions, and neither mass nor energy is as strictly and simply conserved as is the case in special relativity.
A biomolecule with a hydroxyl (--oh) functional group is
given the polar chemical property since organic molecules with an OH group are
polar.
A part of a larger molecule is made up by a functional
group. The hydroxyl group (-OH) that characterizes alcohols, an oxygen with a
hydrogen attached, is an example of it. This group can be found on any number
of different molecules.
Functional groups have characteristic chemistries, just
as elements have unique properties., although perhaps not identically,
to an -OH on another molecule. Although perhaps not
identically to an -OH on another molecule, an -OH group on one molecule will tend to react similarly.
A lot of things in life involve chemistry. Let's start from the most obvious one - cooking.
While you are cooking, you need to mix ingredients and create homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures, which is where chemistry is applied. Also, all of these ingredients change their physical and chemical state, which is also what chemistry studies.
Answer:
Kₐ = 9.9 × 10⁻³
Explanation:
HClO₂ + H₂O ⇌ H₃O⁺ + ClO₂⁻
0.080 × 1.43 = 0.1144
So, at equilibrium,
[H₃O⁺] = [ClO₂⁻] = 0.1144
[HClO₂] = 1.43 – 0.1144 = 1.316
Kₐ = {[H₃O⁺][ClO₂⁻]}/[HClO₂]; Substitute values
Kₐ = (0.1144 × 0.1144)/1.316 Do the operations
Kₐ = 9.9 × 10⁻³
Thank you for posting your question here. I hope my answer will help. below are the choices that can be found elsewhere:
a. 300 mi/hr2
<span>b. 61 mi/hr2 </span>
<span>c. 8,201 mi/hr2 </span>
<span>d. 40,500 mi/hr
</span>
Below is the solution:
<span>135 * 135 / 0.450 = 40,500 mi/hr2 </span>
