Answer:
Explanation:
The absorbed sunlight drives photosynthesis, fuels evaporation, melts snow and ice, and warms the Earth system. Solar power drives Earth's climate. Energy from the Sun heats the surface, warms the atmosphere, and powers the ocean currents.
The mass of ammonium chloride that must be added is : ( A ) 4.7 g
<u>Given data :</u>
Volume of water ( V ) = 250 mL = 0.25 L
pH of solution = 4.85
Kb = 1.8 * 10⁻⁵
Kw = 10⁻¹⁴
Given that the dissolution of NH₄Cl gives NH₄⁺⁺ and Cl⁻ ions the equation is written as :
NH₄CI + H₂O ⇄ NH₃ + H₃O⁺
where conc of H₃O⁺
[ H₃O⁺ ] =
and Ka = Kw / Kb
∴ Ka = 5.56 * 10⁻¹⁰
Next step : Determine the concentration of H₃O⁺ in the solution
pH = - log [ H₃O⁺ ] = 4.85
∴ [ H₃O⁺ ] in the solution = 1.14125 * 10⁻⁵
Next step : Determine the concentration of NH₄CI in the solution
C = [ H₃O⁺ ]² / Ka
= ( 1.14125 * 10⁻⁵ )² / 5.56 * 10⁻¹⁰
= 0.359 mol / L
Determine the number of moles of NH₄CI in the solution
n = C . V
= 0.359 mol / L * 0.25 L = 0.08979 mole
Final step : determine the mass of ammonium chloride that must be added to 250 mL
mass = n * molar mass
= 0.08979 * 53.5 g/mol
= 4.80 g ≈ 4.7 grams
Therefore we can conclude that the mass of ammonium chloride that must be added is 4.7 g
Learn more about ammonium chloride : brainly.com/question/13050932
1) reaction coordinate is : <span>b.the plot of the reaction progress as a function of time
2) </span>ΔG⁰ : <span>c.the free energy of the reaction
3) </span>ΔG⁺+ : <span>a.the higher point on the energy curve</span>
a) Group 2 elements have 2 electrons on their outer shell, so they form a 2+ charge.
b) they lose 2 electrons as they are transferred to the non metal.
c)They obtain this charge as when they are made into an ionic compound the 2 electrons on the outer shell are transferred to the non metal, meaning there are 2 more protons that electrons, giving it a positive charge.
hope this helps! :)
C. The formation of precipatation