When a psychologist simply records the relationship between two variables without manipulating them, it is called a correlational study.
The observed relationship does not by itself reveal which variable causes the other. This is the directionally problem. Also, the relationship may be due to a third variable controlling both of the observed variables.
Answer:
Indicators for ineffective system engineering are as follows
1.Requirement trends
2.System definition change backlog trends
3.interface trends
4.Requirement validation trends
5.Requirement verification trends
6.Work product approval trends
7.Review action closure trends
8.Risk exposure trends
9.Risk handling trends
10.Technology maturity trends
11.Technical measurement trends
12.System engineering skills trends
13.Process compliance trends
Answer: 383.22K
Explanation:
L = 3m, w = 1.5m
Area A = 3 x 1.5 = 4.5m2
Q' = 750W/m2 (heat from sun) ,
& = 0.87
Q = &Q' = 0. 87x750 = 652.5W/m2
E = QA = 652.5 x 4.5 = 2936.25W
T(sur) = 300K, T(panel) = ?
Using E = §€A(T^4(panel) - T^4(sur))
§ = Stefan constant = 5.7x10^-8
€ = emmisivity = 0.85
2936.25 = 5.7x10^-8 x 0.85 x 4.5 x (T^4(panel) - 300^4)
T(panel) = 383.22K
See image for further details.
Answer: 15%
Explanation:
Frequency of obtaining = 63/420 = 0.15 = 15%