Transverse Waves: Displacement of the medium is perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the wave. ... Longitudinal Waves: Displacement of the medium is parallel to the direction of propagation of the wave.
True, according to the Kinetic Molecular Theory.
It can cause the water to create algae.
The object's mass is irrelevant.
The acceleration due to Earth's gravity is inversely proportional to the square of the object's distance from the center of the Earth.