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r-ruslan [8.4K]
3 years ago
7

Water expands when heated. Suppose a beaker of water is heated from 10℃ to 90℃. Does the pressure at the bottom of the beaker in

crease, decrease, or stay the same? Explain.
Chemistry
1 answer:
mamaluj [8]3 years ago
8 0
<h2>The Pressure Increases </h2>

Explanation:

  • When the water is heated from 10℃ to 90℃ the pressure at the bottom of the beaker will also increase.
  • For a closed system with liquid contents that is water, the pressure will always increase with a rise in temperature.

       By using the formula;  

      \frac{P_1V_1}{T_1}= \frac{ P_2V_2}{T_2}

       where,

      V1 & V2 are the volumes at the initial level and final level, both the volumes are the same(ignoring pressure distention), T1 & T2 are the temperatures and   P1 & P2 are the pressures.

      Therefore, we get the pressure excluding the volumes as -

     P_2 =\frac{T_2P_1}{T_1}

  • Hence, according to the above explanation, if the temperature of the water increases then the pressure at the bottom of the beaker is also increased.
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Answer:

Enthalpy change for the reaction is -67716 J/mol.

Explanation:

Number of moles of AgNO_{3} in 50.0 mL of 0.100 M of AgNO_{3}

= Number of moles of HCl in 50.0 mL of 0.100 M of HCl

= \frac{0.100}{1000}\times 50.0 moles

= 0.00500 moles

According to balanced equation, 1 mol of AgNO_{3} reacts with 1 mol of HCl to form 1 mol of AgCl.

So, 0.00500 moles of AgNO_{3} react with 0.00500 moles of HCl to form 0.00500 moles of AgCl

Total volume of solution = (50.0+50.0) mL = 100.0 mL

So, mass of solution = (100.0\times 1.00) g = 100 g

Enthalpy change for the reaction = -(heat released during reaction)/(number of moles of AgCl formed)

= \frac{-m_{solution}\times C_{solution}\times \Delta T_{solution}}{0.00500mol}

= \frac{-100g\times 4.18\frac{J}{g.^{0}\textrm{C}}\times [24.21-23.40]^{0}\textrm{C}}{0.00500mol}

= -67716 J/mol

[m = mass, c = specific heat capacity, \Delta T = change in temperature and negative sign is included as it is an exothermic reaction]

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1 - 5 is in the link, 6 is below

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What is the percent yield of lithium chloride if a reaction starts with 20.0 g lithium hydroxide and yields 6.00 g lithium chlor
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Answer: The percent yield of lithium chloride if a reaction starts with 20.0 g lithium hydroxide and yields 6.00 g lithium chloride is 17.2 %

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\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text {Molar mass}}

a) moles of LiOH

\text{Number of moles}=\frac{20.0g}{24g/mol}=0.83moles

b) moles of LiCl

\text{Number of moles}=\frac{6.00g}{42g/mol}=0.14moles

According to stoichiometry :

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Thus 0.83 moles of LiOH produce=\frac{1}{1}\times 0.83=0.83moles of LiCl

Mass of LiCl=moles\times {\text {Molar mass}}=0.83moles\times 42g/mol=34.9g

The theoretical yield of LiCl = 34.9 g

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Now we have to calculate the percent yield of ethanol.

\%\text{ yield}=\frac{\text{Actual yield}}{\text{Theoretical yield}}\times 100=\frac{6.00g}{34.9g}\times 100=17.2\%

Therefore, the percent yield is, 17.2 %

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