Second law of thermodynamics states entropy of the universe is always increasing. entropy always increases in a spontaneous process .
option B) second law of thermodynamics
for example if we keep a hot cup of coffee the heat is lost to surrounding and entropy( randomness increases) since it is a natural process entropy of universe increases.
3. in every chemical or physical change
Answer:
False
Explanation:
Reactants are starting materials and are hence located at the left hand side of the equation while products are located at the right hand side.
The correct answer here would be C.
Explanation:
Calcium chloride is an ionic compound as it is formed by transfer of an electron to each chlorine atom.
So, being an ionic compound calcium chloride is able to dissociate completely into water.
Hence, the dissociation reaction will be as follows.

Since, two electrons has been lost by single calcium atom. Therefore, calcium atom will have a charge of +2.
Thus, we can conclude that the charge on the calcium ion, in elementary units is +2.