Why might a scientist repeat an experiment if she did not make a mistake in the first one? A) Scientists who repeat experiments
1 answer:
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<u>Answer:</u> The freezing point of solution is 16.5°C and the boiling point of solution is 118.2°C
<u>Explanation:</u>
To calculate the molality of solution, we use the equation:
Where,
= Given mass of solute
= 0.800 g
= Molar mass of solute
= 256.52 g/mol
= Mass of solvent (acetic acid) = 100.0 g
Putting values in above equation, we get:
- <u>Calculation for freezing point of solution:</u>
Depression in freezing point is defined as the difference in the freezing point of water and freezing point of solution.
To calculate the depression in freezing point, we use the equation:
or,
where,
Freezing point of acetic acid = 16.6°C
i = Vant hoff factor = 1 (for non-electrolyte)
= molal freezing point depression constant = 3.59°C/m
m = molality of solution = 0.0312 m
Putting values in above equation, we get:
Hence, the freezing point of solution is 16.5°C
- <u>Calculation for boiling point of solution:</u>
Elevation in boiling point is defined as the difference in the boiling point of solution and freezing point of pure solution.
The equation used to calculate elevation in boiling point follows:
To calculate the elevation in boiling point, we use the equation:
or,
where,
Boiling point of acetic acid = 118.1°C
i = Vant hoff factor = 1 (for non-electrolyte)
= molal boiling point elevation constant = 3.08°C/m
m = molality of solution = 0.0312 m
Putting values in above equation, we get:
Hence, the boiling point of solution is 118.2°C
Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, P₄ will be the limiting reagent.
<h3>Reaction stoichiometry</h3>In first place, the balanced reaction is:
8 P₄ + 3 S₈ → 8 P₄S₃
By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
- P₄: 8 moles
- S₈: 3 moles
- P₄S₃: 8 moles
The limiting reagent is one that is consumed first in its entirety, determining the amount of product in the reaction. When the limiting reagent is finished, the chemical reaction will stop.
<h3>Limiting reagent in this case</h3>To determine the limiting reagent, it is possible to use a simple rule of three as follows: if by stoichiometry 3 moles of S₈ reacts with 8 moles of P₄, 4 moles of S₈ reacts with how many moles of P₄?
<u><em>moles of P₄= 10.667 moles</em></u>
But 10.667 moles of P₄ are not available, 4 moles are available. Since you have less amount of moles than you need to react with 4 moles of S₈, P₄ will be the limiting reagent.
Learn more about the reaction stoichiometry:
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