Using the constant acceleration formula v^2 = u^2 + 2as, we can figure out that it would take a distance of 193.21m to reach 27.8m/s
By definition, we have that the mechanical advantage is given by the following equation:

Where,
W: is the load
T: is the tension
Substituting the values in the given equation we have:

Therefore, the mechanical advantage is equal to 5.
Answer: The mechanical advantage of this machine is: MA = 5
(B) 2.25cm
<u>Explanation:</u>
Given:
At 40 hours, the height of the bamboo plant is 2.1cm
At 50 hours, the height of the bamboo plant is 2.4cm
Height of the bamboo plant after 45 hours = ?
The difference in length from 40 to 50 hours = 2.4 - 2.1cm
= 0.3 cm
Mean of 40 and 50 is 45.
Thus,
At 45 hours, the height will increase by 0.3/2
= 0.15 cm
Height at 45 hour = 2.1 + 0.15cm
= 2.25cm
Therefore, the height of the plant after 45 hours is 2.25cm
Based on the law of conservation of energy, we know that we can't create energy, machines can only convert one type of energy into another. So, if we want to improve a machines's ability then we need to reduce it's loss energy (part of energy which is useless). Out of all the options only Option C fits best with it.
In short, Your Answer would be Option C
Hope this helps!