Answer:
-2.3 × 10^-9 Coulombs(C).
Explanation:
So, we are given the following data or information or parameters that is going to help us to solve the problem effectively and efficiently;
=> " the shuttle's potential is typically changed by -1.4 V during one revolution. "
=> " Assuming the shuttle is a conducting sphere of radius 15 m".
So, in order to estimate the value for the charge we will be making use of the equation below:
Charge, C =( radius × voltage or potential difference) ÷ Coulomb's law constant.
Note that the value of Coulomb's law constant = 9 x 10^9 Nm^2 / C^2.
So, charge = { 15 × (- 1.4)} / 9 x 10^9 Nm^2 / C^2.
= -2.3 × 10^-9 Coulombs(C).
There are 8 electrons in the third energy level of Calcium atom.
Answer:
An equipotential surface is circular in the two-dimensional. Since the electric field lines are directed radially away from the charge, hence they are opposite to the equipotential lines. Therefore, the electric field is perpendicular to the equipotential surface.
Chemical Energy
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