What does the number of valence electrons determine?

1 answer:

N76 [4]4 years ago

4 0

Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an element on the periodic table. Atoms want to be able to have a full outer shell and they can share or trade electrons in order to achieve this. Valence electrons are also super super important in chemical reactions. The number of valence electrons determines what group that specific atom or element is in on the periodic table. This affects the reactivity of the element.

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What is the smallest metal atom size with p electrons?

konstantin123 [22]

<h2><u>Answer:</u></h2>

Component having Smallest Atomic Size is 'Helium' having range approx. 31pm

I have seen that numerous individuals are noting with respect to hydrogen Atom however the genuine reason is along a period (left to right) the nuclear number increments while the valence electrons stay in a similar shell. Along these lines because of the expanding atomic charge (pulling electrons closer to the core) the radii of the iotas decline left to right.

Furthermore, as should be obvious from the table, Hydrogen and Helium are in a similar period so Helium having littlest size

6 0

3 years ago

Design a synthesis of 2-bromo-1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene from benzene or any mono-substituted benzene. Part 1 out of 6 choose the b

Oxana [17]

2-bromo-1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene is being synthesized in following sequence:

Step 1: Chlorination of Benzene:

This is Halogenation reaction of benzene. In this step benzene is reacted with Chlorine gas in the presence of lewis acid (i.e. FeCl₃). This results in the formation of Chlorobenzene as shown in red step below.

Step 2: Nitration of Chlorobenzene:

The chlorine atom on benzene has a ortho para directing effect. Therefore, the nitration of chlorobenzene will yield para nitro chlorobenzene as shown in blue step below.

Step 3: Bromination of 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene:

In this step bromination is done by reacting bromine in the presence of lewis acid. The chlorine being ortho para directing in nature and nitro group being meta directing in nature will direct the incoming Br⁺ (electrophile) to the desired location. Hence, 2-bromo-1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene is synthesized in good yield.