According to Osmotic pressure equation:
π = i M R T
When π =0.307 atm & M = 0.01 mol & R (constant)= 0.0821 L-atom/mol-K &
T= 22+273 = 295 Kelvin
So Van't half vector i = π / (MRT)
= 0.307 / (0.01 * 0.0821 * 295)
= 1.27
When there is no dissociation, i = no. of moles of Hf in 1 L of solution = (1-X)
and when there is a complete dissociation so it is equal 2X according to this equation
HF(aq) + H2O (L) ⇆ H3O (aq) + F (aq)
(1-X) X X
∴ i = (1-X) + (2x)
1.27 = 1+X
∴X= 1.27 - 1 = 0.27
∴ the percent ionization of the acid X = 27 %
The noble gases AKA the column with full outermost valence shells. (Group 18)
Answer:

Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, for the dissociation of calcium fluoride:

The equilibrium expression is:
![Ksp=[Ca^{2+}][F^-]^2](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Ksp%3D%5BCa%5E%7B2%2B%7D%5D%5BF%5E-%5D%5E2)
In such a way, via the ICE procedure, including an initial concentration of calcium of 0.01 M (due to the calcium nitrate solution), the reaction extent
is computed as follows:

Thus, the molar solubility equals the reaction extent
, therefore:

Regards.
Coins or anything copper
Explanation
They are everyday objects that turn green.