Ionic bonds have...
- High melting points
- Conductive properties
- Are good insulators
(Extra: Form crystal-like structures over just plain molecules!)
The constant is the temperature of the air that the plants get.
The independent variable is the thing that YOU control. That's the amount of sunlight each plant gets.
The <em>dependent variable</em> is anything that's caused by changes in the independent variable. That's the growth of the plants.
Answer:
The angle of incidence is greater than the angle of refraction
Explanation:
Refraction occurs when a light wave passes through the boundary between two mediums.
When a ray of light is refracted, it changes speed and direction, according to Snell's Law:
where
:
is the index of refraction of the 1st medium
is the index of refraction of the 2nd medium
is the angle of incidence (the angle between the incident ray and the normal to the boundary)
is the angle of refraction (the angle between the refracted ray and the normal to the boundary)
In this problem, we have a ray of light passing from air into clear plastic. We have:
(index of refraction of air)
approx. (index of refraction in clear plastic)
Snell's Law can be rewritten as

And since
, we have

And so

Which means that
The angle of incidence is greater than the angle of refraction
Answer:
change in momentum, 
Average Force, 
Explanation:
Given:
angle of kicking from the horizon, 
velocity of the ball after being kicked, 
mass of the ball, 
time of application of force, 
We know, since body is starting from the rest
.....................(1)


Now the components:


similarly


also, impulse
.........................(2)
where F is the force applied for t time.
Then from eq. (1) & (2)



Now, the components


&


Answer:
1) The charge on the outer shell is +4·Q
2) The charge on the inner shell is +Q
Explanation:
1) The given parameters of the spherical shell are;
The net charge on the spherical shell = 3·Q
The point charge surrounded by the spherical shell = -Q
Let 'x' represent the charge on the outer shell, and let 'y', represent the charge on the inner shell, we have;
The net charge, 3·Q = -q + x
∴ x = 3·Q + Q = 4·Q
The charge on the outer shell, x = 4·Q
2) The net charge in the shell is zero, therefore, the charge on the inner shell, 'y', is given as follows;
-Q + y = 0
∴ y = +Q
The charge on the inner shell, y = +Q