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Answer:
Archaeology
Explanation:
Radioisotopes are radioactive atoms of an element in which their atoms contain excess energy making them unstable. When broken down they become more stable releasing radiations.
Carbon 14 is a radioactive isotope that is used in archaeology to study and estimate the lifespan and age of organic materials such as wood, leather. Carbon 14 can be used to estimate the ages of materials up to 50000 to 60000 years.
(a) -48.0 cm, diverging
We can use the lens equation:

where
f is the focal length
p = 16.0 cm is the object distance
q = -12.0 cm is the image distance (with a negative sign because the image is on the same side as the object, so it is virtual)
Solving for f, we find the focal length of the lens:


The lens is diverging, since the focal length is negative.
(b) 6.38 mm, erect
We can use the magnification equation:

where
y' is the size of the image
y = 8.50 mm is the size of the object
Substituting p and q that we used in the previous part of the problem, we find y':

and the image is erect, since the sign is positive.
(c)
See attached picture.