Answer:
1-butanol has higher boiling point mainly due to presence of hydrogen bonding.
Explanation:
Diethyl ether is a polar aprotic molecule due to presence of polar C-O-C moiety. Hence only dipole-dipole intermolecular force exist between diethyl ether molecules.
1-butanol is a polar protic molecule due to presence of C-OH moiety. Therefore dipole-dipole force along with hydrogen bonding exist between 1-butanol molecules.
So, intermolecular force is higher in 1-butanol as compared to diethyl ether. Hence more temperature is required to break intermolecular forces of 1-butanol to boil as compared to diethyl ether.
So, 1-butanol has higher boiling point mainly due to presence of hydrogen bonding.
E is Bohrs model the dots on the rings represent the valence electrons
The reactants have one C atom and four O and H atoms. Hope this helps :)
We need to increase the concentration of common ion first, in order to promote the common ion effect
<h3>What is the Common ion effect?</h3>
It is an effect that suppresses the dissociation of salt due to the addition of another salt having common ions.
For example, a saturated solution of silver chloride in equilibrium has Ag⁺ and Cl⁻ . Sodium Chloride is added to the solution and has a common ion Cl⁻. As a result, the equilibrium shifts to the left to form more silver chloride. Thus, solubility of AgCl decreases.
The Equilibrium law states that if a process is in equilibrium and is subjected to a change
- in temperature,
- pressure,
- the concentration of reactant or product,
then the equilibrium shifts in a particular direction, according to the condition.
Thus, an increase in the concentration of common ion promotes the common ion effect.
Learn more about common ion effect:
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The Sun is currently a main sequence star and will remain so for another 4-5 billion years. It will then expand and cool to become a red giant, after which it will shrink and heat up again to become a white dwarf. The white dwarf star will run out of nuclear fuel and slowly cool down over many billions of years.
