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3 years ago

Which of the reactions are spontaneous (favorable)?

Chemistry

1 answer:

dexar [7]3 years ago

7 0

Answer: Reactions: A, B and F

Explanation: Gibbs Free Energy, symbol G, combines Enthalpy (sum of internal energy) and Entropy (measure of how much the energy of atoms and molecules become spread out in a process).

The change in free energy (ΔG) is the sum of enthalpy and the product of temperature and entropy of the system.

With free energy, it is possible to determine if a reaction is spontaneous, i.e., happens wthout external energy, or non-spontaneous.

If ΔG is negative, reaction is spontaneous. If ΔG is positive, reaction is non-spontaneous.

Analysing each ΔG of the reactions above, reactions A, B and F's Gibbs Free energy are negative, so these 3 are spontaneous.

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The first step in industrial nitric acid production is the catalyzed oxidation of ammonia. Without a catalyst, a different react

murzikaleks [220]

Answer: The value of $K_{eq}$ is $4.84\times 10^{-5}$

Explanation:

We are given:

Initial moles of ammonia = 0.0280 moles

Initial moles of oxygen gas = 0.0120 moles

Volume of the container = 1.00 L

Concentration of a substance is calculated by:

$\text{Concentration}=\frac{\text{Number of moles}}{\text{Volume}}$

So, concentration of ammonia = $\frac{0.0280}{1.00}=0.0280M$

Concentration of oxygen gas = $\frac{0.0120}{1.00}=0.0120M$

The given chemical equation follows:

$4NH_3(g)+3O_2(g)\rightleftharpoons 2N_2(g)+6H_2O(g)$

Initial: 0.0280 0.0120

At eqllm: 0.0280-4x 0.0120-3x 2x 6x

We are given:

Equilibrium concentration of nitrogen gas = $3.00\times 10^{-3}M=0.003$

Evaluating the value of 'x', we get:

$\Rightarrow 2x=0.003\\\\\Rightarrow x=0.0015M$

Now, equilibrium concentration of ammonia = $0.0280-4x=[0.0280-(4\times 0.0015)]=0.022M$

Equilibrium concentration of oxygen gas = $0.0120-3x=[0.0120-(3\times 0.0015)]=0.0075M$

Equilibrium concentration of water = $6x=(6\times 0.0015)]=0.009M$

The expression of $K_{eq}$ for the above reaction follows:

$K_{eq}=\frac{[H_2O]^6\times [N_2]^2}{[NH_3]^4\times [O_2]^3}$

Putting values in above expression, we get:

$K_{eq}=\frac{(0.009)^6\times (0.003)^2}{(0.022)^4\times (0.0075)^3}\\\\K_{eq}=4.84\times 10^{-5}$

Hence, the value of $K_{eq}$ is $4.84\times 10^{-5}$

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Answer:

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What element is denoted by 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d6

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Arturiano [62]

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andreev551 [17]

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