Covalent
bonds = sharing of electrons between two atoms of the same elements or elements
close to each other on the periodic table. Usually they are metals sometimes
non-metals. In polar bonds electrons are
shared unequally. Non polar bonds share electrons equally.
Option (i) would have the highest 2nd Ionization Energy.
Option (i) is Sodium.
Can be Written as 2, 8 , 1
For its 1st Ionization energy... It'd be extremely easy to remove that Electron cos its on the outermost shell.
Now After Removing that Electron...
Sodium's Electronic Configuration Reduces to that of Neon Which is 2, 8.
Neon has a very stable Octet.
It would take an ENORMOUS amount of energy to break its Octet stability... that is... Remove 1 electron from its Octet.
So
Option (i) [Sodium] has the highest 2nd Ionization Energy
Hello!
The reduction in particle size results in an increased rate of solution. It occur because is harder for a a solvent to surround bigger molecules.
Hugs!
1.3 x 10^21 atoms Na is 4.63230769231 mol Na
4.63230769231 mol Na * 23g/mol Na = 106.543076923g
