Special properties of water are its high heat capacity and heat of vaporization, its ability to dissolve polar molecules, its cohesive and adhesive properties, and its dissociation into ions that leads to generating pH. Understanding these characteristics of water helps to elucidate its importance in maintaining life.

8 0

2 years ago

Biacetyl, the flavoring that makes margarine taste "just like butter," is extremely stable at room temperature, but at 200°C it

Sholpan [36]

Answer:

3.91 minutes

Explanation:

Given that:

Biacetyl breakdown with a half life of 9.0 min after undergoing first-order reaction;

As we known that the half-life for first order is:

$t__{1/2}}= \frac{0.693}{k}$

where;

k = constant

The formula can be re-written as:

$k = \frac{0.693}{t__{1/2}}$

$k = \frac{0.693}{9.0 min}$

$k = 0.077 min^{-1}$

Let the initial amount of butter flavor in the food be $(N_0)$ = 100%

Also, the amount of butter flavor retained at 200°C $(N_t)$ = 74%

The rate constant $k = 0.077 min^{-1}$

To determine how long can the food be heated at this temperature and retain 74% of its buttery flavor; we use the formula:

$\frac{N_t}{N_0}= -kt$

$t = - (\frac{1}{k}*In\frac{N_t}{N_0} )$

Substituting our values; we have:

$t = - (\frac{1}{0.077}*In\frac{74}{100} )$

t = 3.91 minutes

∵ The time needed for the food to be heated at this temperature and retain 74% of its buttery flavor is 3.91 minutes

4 0

3 years ago

How does the formal charge play a role in resonance?

Crank

In a Lewis structure, formal charges can be assigned to each atom by treating each bond as if one-half of the electrons are assigned to each atom. ... Resonance occurs in cases where two or more Lewis structures with identical arrangements of atoms but different distributions of electrons can be written.

3 0

2 years ago

In Lab 3, Solubility Rules, students identified ionic salts as soluble or insoluble. The solubility of ionic salts is quantified

Hatshy [7]

Answer:

a) FePO4(s)⇄Fe^3+(aq) + PO4^3-(aq)

b) ZnCO3(s)⇄Zn^2+(aq) + CO3^2-(aq)

c) NH4Cl(s)⇄ NH4^+(aq) + Cl^-(aq)

Explanation:

An ionic solid simply means a solid substance that is held together by ionic bonds. When an ionic substance is added to water, the ions interact with the dipoles in water and is pulled apart to form the constituent cation and anion present in the ionic solid. This is the process that we have referred to as dissolution.

The Ksp of an ionic solid is obtained from the chemical equation that shows the dissolution of an ionic solid in water. The Ksp is actually an equilibrium constant that shows the extent of dissolution of an ionic solid in water.

a) FePO4(s)⇄Fe^3+(aq) + PO4^3-(aq)

b) ZnCO3(s)⇄Zn^2+(aq) + CO3^2-(aq)

c) NH4Cl(s)⇄ NH4^+(aq) + Cl^-(aq)

5 0

3 years ago