The fine horizontal scratches etched onto a bullet after it has been fired are called Striations.
<h3>What is Striations?</h3>
- Striations are the minute differences in the curve of the bullet's surface. The bullet and the gun barrel are the harder and softer materials, respectively, in firearms evidence.
- The striations left on the fired bullet are used as a comparison by firearm examiners.
- When a gun is discharged, the bullet blasts down the barrel where it strikes ridges and grooves, spinning and improving shot accuracy.
- These ridges cause striations in the bullet's soft metal by digging into it.
- An examiner analyses these distinctive markings to verify whether a given bullet was shot from a specific firearm.
- A barrel will produce individual markings in addition to a bullet's land and groove impressions as the projectile passes through.
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Answer:
Magnitude of the Frictional force = (mv₀²)/2x₁
Explanation:
For the frictional force to stop the box, it has to produce the deceleration of the box; thereby being the opposing force to the box's motion.
According to Newton's first law of motion
Frictional force = (mass of the box) × (deceleration experienced by the box)
Let the mass of the box be m
Then,
Frictional force = ma
Then we can obtain the deceleration using the equations of motion
v² = u² + 2ax
u = Initial velocity = v₀ m/s
v = Final velocity = 0 m/s (since the box comes to rest at the end)
x = horizontal distance covered = (x₁ - x₀) = x₁ (since x₀ = 0)
a = ?
v² = u² + 2ax
0 = (v₀)² + 2ax₁
2ax₁ = - v₀²
a = - (v₀²)/(2x₁) (minus sign, because it's a deceleration)
Magnitude of the Frictional force = ma = (mv₀²)/2x₁
Answer:
Explanation:
From the given information, the LED is operating with a given wavelength of 850 nm or 0.85 μm.
Hence, the material dispersion is 
Now, using the pulse spread formula:
Thus, the pulse spreading as a result of material dispersion is:
