We need to define the variables,
So,
Therefore, the probability that the repair time is more than 4 horus can be calculate as,
The probability that the repair time is more than 4 hours is 0.136
b) The probability that repair time is at least 12 hours given that the repair time is more than 7 hoirs is calculated as,
The probability that repair time is at least 12 hours given that the repair time is more than 7 hours is 0.63
Math (e.g., algebra, geometry, calculus, computer computation) is used both as a tool to create mathematical models that describe physical phenomena and as a tool to evaluate the merit of different possible solutions. ... In engineering, math and science are tools used within the engineering design process.
Biologists use math as they plot graphs to help them understand equations, run small “trial and error” tests with some sample numbers when developing algorithms, and use the R project for analyzing protein sequences and structures. Electrical engineers use math in many ways in their career. They use math to help design and test electrical equipment. They use math to calculate amp and volt requirements for electrical projects. They use math in creating computer simulations and designs for new products.
Efficiency is the minimum use of energy to accomplish the task. The wasted energy will be 375 J when 750 J of energy is given.
<h3>What is wasted energy?</h3>
Wasted energy is energy that is not useful when the transformation in the system occurs.
Total energy = 750 J
The efficiency of the system = 50 %
Output work (OW) is calculated as:
Efficiency = output work ÷ input work × 100%
750 × 50 = 100 OW
OW = 375 J
Wasted energy = Total energy - output work
= 750 - 375
= 375 J
Therefore, the machine is 50 % inefficient and has wasted energy of 375 J.
Learn more about wasted energy here:
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Answer:
(iv) second law of thermodynamics
Explanation:
The Clausius inequality expresses the second law of thermodynamics it applies to the real engine cycle.It is defined as the cycle integral of change in entropy of a reversible system is zero. It is nothing but mathematical form of second law of thermodynamics . It also states that for irreversible process the cyclic integral of change in entropy is less than zero
Answer:
The PFR is more efficient in the removal of the reactive compound as it has the higher conversion ratio.
Xₚբᵣ = 0.632
X꜀ₘբᵣ = 0.5
Xₚբᵣ > X꜀ₘբᵣ
Explanation:
From the reaction rate coefficient, it is evident the reaction is a first order reaction
Performance equation for a CMFR for a first order reaction is
kτ = (X)/(1 - X)
k = reaction rate constant = 0.05 /day
τ = Time constant or holding time = V/F₀
V = volume of reactor = 280 m³
F₀ = Flowrate into the reactor = 14 m³/day
X = conversion
k(V/F₀) = (X)/(1 - X)
0.05 × (280/14) = X/(1 - X)
1 = X/(1 - X)
X = 1 - X
2X = 1
X = 1/2 = 0.5
For the PFR
Performance equation for a first order reaction is given by
kτ = In [1/(1 - X)]
The parameters are the same as above,
0.05 × (280/14) = In (1/(1-X)
1 = In (1/(1-X))
e = 1/(1 - X)
2.718 = 1/(1 - X)
1 - X = 1/2.718
1 - X = 0.3679
X = 1 - 0.3679
X = 0.632
The PFR is evidently more efficient in the removal of the reactive compound as it has the higher conversion ratio.
