The old electricity meters with disk using sapphire bearings for friction to be minimal to not aggravate metering
D, it is considered unethical today
The horizontal force : f = k*N
k- coefficient of friction
k = f /N
N = m * g = 45 kg * 9.81 m/s² = 441.45 N
k = 25 N : 441.45 N = 0.057
Answer C) 0.057
A) 4.7 cm
The formula for the angular spread of the nth-maximum from the central bright fringe for a diffraction from two slits is

where
n is the order of the maximum
is the wavelength
is the distance between the slits
In this problem,
n = 5


So we find

And given the distance of the screen from the slits,

The distance of the 5th bright fringe from the central bright fringe will be given by

B) 8.1 cm
The formula to find the nth-minimum (dark fringe) in a diffraction pattern from double slit is a bit differente from the previous one:

To find the angle corresponding to the 8th dark fringe, we substitute n=8:

And the distance of the 8th dark fringe from the central bright fringe will be given by

Oil is optically denser than water. When sound/light goes from optically denser medium to optically rarer medium, their velocity increase and they moves away for normal.
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<u>Appropriate</u><u> </u><u>Answer</u><u>:</u></h3>
The sound wave speeds up and bends

As, In optics we learnt that light undergoes refraction when travels from medium of different densities. Similarly, Sound also follows the law of refraction.
- It is due to the change of speed of water in different mediums, This makes it speed up or down depending upon the medium and their densities.
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