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Cerrena [4.2K]
3 years ago
7

Why do elements produce different numbers of spectral lines

Physics
1 answer:
frutty [35]3 years ago
6 0

Explanation:

Elements can be differentiated on the basis of their spectral lines. As the spectra of any element is obtained when the electrons in the orbits of an atom change their states. When they move from lower to higher orbits they absorbs the radiation or energy. When the fall back from higher energy state to lower state they emit the radiations. Thats how the spectra of radiation is obtained. Now coming towards your question, as the different elements have different atomic numbers, they have different number of electrons in their shells. That's why the presence of the number of electrons in the shells of different elements vary. So the different number of electrons in different elements lead to the production of different numbers of spectral lines.

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An X-Ray tube is an evacuated glass tube, where the electrons are produced at one end and accelerated by a strong electric field
lawyer [7]

Answer:

a) ΔV = 25.59 V, b)  ΔV = 25.59 V,  c)  v = 7 10⁴ m / s,  v/c= 2.33 10⁻⁴ ,

v/c% = 2.33 10⁻²

Explanation:

a) The speed they ask for electrons is much lower than the speed of light, so we don't need relativistic corrections, let's use the concepts of energy

starting point. Where the electrons come out

          Em₀ = U = e DV

final point. Where they hit the target

          Em_f = K = ½ m v2

energy is conserved

          Em₀ = Em_f

         e ΔV = ½ m v²

         ΔV = \frac{1}{2} mv²/e     (1)

If the speed of light is c and this is 100% then 1% is

         v = 1% c = c / 100

         v = 3 10⁸/100 = 3 10⁶6 m/ s

let's calculate

         ΔV = \frac{1}{2}  \frac{9.1 \ 10^{-31} (3 10^6 )^2 }{ 1.6 10^{-19} }

         ΔV = 25.59 V

b) Ask for the potential difference for protons with the same kinetic energy as electrons

             K_e = K_p

              K_p = ½ m v_e²

              K_p = \frac{1}{2}  9.1 10⁻³¹ (3 10⁶)²

              K_p = 40.95 10⁻¹⁹ J

we substitute in equation 1

              ΔV = Kp / M

              ΔV = 40.95 10⁻¹⁹ / 1.6 10⁻¹⁹

              ΔV = 25.59 V

notice that these protons go much slower than electrons because their mass is greater

c) The speed of the protons is

             e ΔV = ½ M v²

             v² = 2 e ΔV / M

             v² = \frac{2 \ 1.6 \ 10^{-19} \ 25.59 }{1.67 \ 10^{-27} }

              v² = 49,035 10⁸

               v = 7 10⁴ m / s

Relation

        v/c = \frac{7 \ 10^4 }{ 3 \ 10^8}

        v/c= 2.33 10⁻⁴

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Answer:

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Explanation: [I'll use "cc" for cubic centimeter, instead of cm^3.

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It is 17.58 my friennnd
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