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3 years ago

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Heating of Oil by Air. A flow of 2200 lbm/h of hydrocarbon oil at 100°F enters a heat exchanger, where it is heated to 150°F by

hot air. The hot air enters at 300°F and is to leave at 200°F. Calculate the total lb mol air/h needed. The mean heat capacity of the oil is 0.45 btu/lbm · °F.

1 answer:

irakobra [83]3 years ago

5 0

Answer:

2062 lbm/h

Explanation:

The air will lose heat and the oil will gain heat.

These heats will be equal in magnitude.

qo = -qa

They will be of different signs because one is entering iits system and the other is exiting.

The heat exchanged by oil is:

qo = Gp * Cpo * (tof - toi)

The heat exchanged by air is:

qa = Ga * Cpa * (taf - tai)

The specific heat capacity of air at constant pressure is:

Cpa = 0.24 BTU/(lbm*F)

Therefore:

Gp * Cpo * (tof - toi) = Ga * Cpa * (taf - tai)

Ga = (Gp * Cpo * (tof - toi)) / (Cpa * (taf - tai))

Ga = (2200 * 0.45 * (150 - 100)) / (0.24 * (300 - 200)) = 2062 lbm/h

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P9.28 A large vacuum tank, held at 60 kPa absolute, sucks sea- level standard air through a converging nozzle whose throat diame

eimsori [14]

Answer:

a) $m=0.17kg/s$

b) $Ma=0.89$

Explanation:

From the question we are told that:

Pressure $P=60kPa$

Diameter $d=3cm$

Generally at sea level

$T_0=288k\\\\\rho_0=1.225kg/m^3\\\\P_0=101350Pa\\\\r=1.4$

Generally the Power series equation for Mach number is mathematically given by

$\frac{p_0}{p}=(1+\frac{r-1}{2}Ma^2)^{\frac{r}{r-1}}$

$\frac{101350}{60*10^3}=(1+\frac{1.4-1}{2}Ma^2)^{\frac{1.4}{1.4-1}}$

$Ma=0.89$

Therefore

Mass flow rate

$\frac{\rho_0}{\rho}=(1+\frac{1.4-1}{2}(0.89)^2)^{\frac{1.4}{1.4-1}}$

$\frac{1.225}{\rho}=(1+\frac{1.4-1}{2}(0.89)^2)^{\frac{1.4}{1.4-1}}$

$\rho=0.848kg/m^3$

Generally the equation for Velocity at throat is mathematically given by

$V=Ma(r*T_0\sqrt{T_e}$ )

Where

$T_e=\frac{P_e}{R\rho}\\\\T_e=\frac{60*10^6}{288*0.842\rho}$

$T_e=248$

Therefore

$V=0.89(1.4*288\sqrt{248})\\\\V=284$

Generally the equation for Mass flow rate is mathematically given by

$m=\rho*A*V$

$m=0.84*\frac{\pi}{4}*3*10^{-2}*284$

$m=0.17kg/s$

6 0

2 years ago

Air at 293k and 1atm flow over a flat plate at 5m/s. The plate is 5m wide and 6m long. (a) Determine the boundary layer thicknes

loris [4]

Answer:

a). 8.67 x $10^{-3}$ m

b).0.3011 m

c).0.0719 m

d).0.2137 N

e).1.792 N

Explanation:

Given :

Temperature of air, T = 293 K

Air Velocity, U = 5 m/s

Length of the plate is L = 6 m

Width of the plate is b = 5 m

Therefore Dynamic viscosity of air at temperature 293 K is, μ = 1.822 X $10^{-5}$ Pa-s

We know density of air is ρ = 1.21 kg / $m^{3}$

Now we can find the Reyonld no at x = 1 m from the leading edge

Re = $\frac{\rho .U.x}{\mu }$

Re = $\frac{1.21 \times 5\times 1}{1.822\times 10^{-5} }$

Re = 332052.6

Therefore the flow is laminar.

Hence boundary layer thickness is

δ = $\frac{5.x}{\sqrt{Re}}$

= $\frac{5\times 1}{\sqrt{332052.6}}$

= 8.67 x $10^{-3}$ m

a). Boundary layer thickness at x = 1 is δ = 8.67 X $10^{-3}$ m

b). Given Re = 100000

Therefore the critical distance from the leading edge can be found by,

Re = $\frac{\rho .U.x}{\mu }$

100000 = $\frac{1.21\times5\times x}{1.822 \times10^{-5}}$

x = 0.3011 m

c). Given x = 3 m from the leading edge

The Reyonld no at x = 3 m from the leading edge

Re = $\frac{\rho .U.x}{\mu }$

Re = $\frac{1.21 \times 5\times 3}{1.822\times 10^{-5} }$

Re = 996158.06

Therefore the flow is turbulent.

Therefore for a turbulent flow, boundary layer thickness is

δ = $\frac{0.38\times x}{Re^{\frac{1}{5}}}$

= $\frac{0.38\times 3}{996158.06^{\frac{1}{5}}}$

= 0.0719 m

d). Distance from the leading edge upto which the flow will be laminar,

Re = $\frac{\rho \times U\times x}{\mu }$

5 X $10^{5}$ = $\frac{1.21 \times 5\times x}{1.822\times 10^{-5}}}$

x = 1.505 m

We know that the force acting on the plate is

$F_{D}$ = $\frac{1}{2}\times C_{D}\times \rho \times A\times U^{2}$

and $C_{D}$ at x= 1.505 for a laminar flow is = $\frac{1.328}{\sqrt{Re}}$

= $\frac{1.328}{\sqrt{5\times10 ^{5}}}$

= 1.878 x $10^{-3}$

Therefore, $F_{D}$ = $\frac{1}{2}\times C_{D}\times \rho \times A\times U^{2}$

= $\frac{1}{2}\times 1.878\times 10^{-3}\times 1.21\times (5\times 1.505)\times 5^{2}$

= 0.2137 N

e). The flow is turbulent at the end of the plate.

Re = $\frac{\rho \times U\times x}{\mu }$

= $\frac{1.21 \times 5\times 6}{1.822\times 10^{-5} }$

= 1992316

Therefore $C_{D}$ = $\frac{0.072}{Re^{\frac{1}{5}}}$

= $\frac{0.072}{1992316^{\frac{1}{5}}}$

= 3.95 x $10^{-3}$

Therefore $F_{D}$ = $\frac{1}{2}\times C_{D}\times \rho\times A\times U^{2}$

= $\frac{1}{2}\times 3.95\times 10^{-3}\times 1.21\times (5\times 6)\times 5^{2}$

= 1.792 N

3 0

3 years ago

Consider an area-source box model for air pollution above a peninsula of land. The length of the box is 15 km, its width is 80 k

In-s [12.5K]

Consider an area-source box model for air pollution above a peninsula of land. The length of the box is 15 km, its width is 80 km, and a radiation inversion restricts mixing to 15 m. Wind is blowing clean air into the long dimension of the box at 0.5 m/s. On average, there are 250,000 vehicles on the road, each being driven 40 km in 2 hours and each emitting 4 g/km of CO.

Required:

a. Estimate the steady-state concentration of CO in the air. Should the city be designated as "nonattainment" (i.e., steady-state concentration is over the NAAQS standard)?

b. Find the average rate of CO emissions during this two-hour period.

c. If the windspeed is zero, use the formula to derive relationship between CO and time and use it to find the CO over the peninsula at 6pmConsider an area-source box model for air pollution above a peninsula of land. The length of the box is 15 km, its width is 80 km, and a radiation inversion restricts mixing to 15 m. Wind is blowing clean air into the long dimension of the box at 0.5 m/s. On average, there are 250,000 vehicles on the road, each being driven 40 km in 2 hours and each emitting 4 g/km of CO.

Required:

a. Estimate the steady-state concentration of CO in the air. Should the city be designated as "nonattainment" (i.e., steady-state concentration is over the NAAQS standard)?

b. Find the average rate of CO emissions during this two-hour period.

c. If the windspeed is zero, use the formula to derive relationship between CO and time and use it to find the CO over the peninsula at 6pmConsider an area-source box model for air pollution above a peninsula of land. The length of the box is 15 km, its width is 80 km, and a radiation inversion restricts mixing to 15 m. Wind is blowing clean air into the long dimension of the box at 0.5 m/s. On average, there are 250,000 vehicles on the road, each being driven 40 km in 2 hours and each emitting 4 g/km of CO.

Required:

a. Estimate the steady-state concentration of CO in the air. Should the city be designated as "nonattainment" (i.e., steady-state concentration is over the NAAQS standard)?

b. Find the average rate of CO emissions during this two-hour period.

c. If the windspeed is zero, use the formula to derive relationship between CO and time and use it to find the CO over the peninsula at 6pm

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3 years ago

Consider a plane composite wall that is composed of two materials of thermal conductivities kA = 0.1 W/m*K and kB = 0.04 W/m*K a

nadya68 [22]

Answer:

q=39.15 W/m²

Explanation:

We know that

Thermal resistance due to conductivity given as

R=L/KA

Thermal resistance due to heat transfer coefficient given as

R=1/hA

Total thermal resistance

$R_{th}=\dfrac{L_A}{AK_A}+\dfrac{L_B}{AK_B}+\dfrac{1}{Ah_1}+\dfrac{1}{Ah_2}+\dfrac{1}{Ah_3}$

Now by putting the values

$R_{th}=\dfrac{0.01}{0.1A}+\dfrac{0.02}{0.04A}+\dfrac{1}{10A}+\dfrac{1}{20A}+\dfrac{1}{0.3A}$

$R_{th}=4.083/A\ K/W$

We know that

Q=ΔT/R

$Q=\dfrac{\Delta T}{R_{th}}$

$Q=A\times \dfrac{200-40}{4.086}$

So heat transfer per unit volume is 39.15 W/m²

q=39.15 W/m²

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3 years ago

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sertanlavr [38]

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2 years ago