Discuss how energy conservation applies to a
1 answer:
Answer:
a) in the upper position. b) in the lower position. c) in the lower position. d) in the upper position. f) Its kinetic and potential energy will be 0, but the energy is transferred to the element or body that stopped the movement of the pendulum
Explanation:
In the attached image we have the sketch of a pendulum system.
A) The potential energy is maximum when the pendulum is in the upper position (image, fig 1) because the elevation (h) is maximum with respect to the reference point.
B) the potential energy is minimum when the pendulum is in the lower pasition (image, fig 2) because the elevation (h) is cero with respect to the reference point.
Note: When the pendulum is coming down the potential energy is transforming in kinetic energy.
C) The kinetic energy is maximum when the pendulum is in the lower position (image, fig 2), because the potential energy has been transformed in kinetic energy.
D) The kinetic energy is maximum when the pendulum is in the upper position (image, fig 1) because at this moment the pendulum is at rest it means its velocity is 0. We know that the kinetic energy depends on the velocity.
f) The energy is transferred to the element or body that stopped the movement of the pendulum
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The magnitude of the friction force is 25 N
Explanation:
To solve this problem, we just have to analyze the forces acting on the block along the horizontal direction. We have:
- The horizontal component of the pulling force,
, where F = 50 N is the magnitude and
is the angle between the direction of the force and the horizontal; this force acts in the forward direction
- The force of friction,
, acting in the backward direction
According to Newton's second law, the net force acting on the block in the horizontal direction must be equal to the product between the mass of the block and its acceleration:
where
m is the mass of the block
is the horizontal acceleration
However, the block is moving at constant speed, so the acceleration is zero:
So the equation becomes
(1)
The net force here is given by
(2)
And so, by combining (1) and (2), we find the magnitude of the friction force:
Learn more about force of friction:
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