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maria [59]
3 years ago
12

How does fabric softener affect the flammability of clothes?

Chemistry
2 answers:
gulaghasi [49]3 years ago
7 0
How is that school related at all?
Brrunno [24]3 years ago
6 0
It makes your clothes smell great
You might be interested in
What causes an ice cube to melt when removed from a freezer?
OverLord2011 [107]

Answer:

the melting process begins right away because the air temperature around the ice cubes is warmer than the temperature in the freezer

4 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
What is the mass of 0.55 mole<br> of magnesium chloride?
Gala2k [10]

Answer:

SYMBOLS, FORMULAS AND MOLAR MASSES

OBJECTIVES

1. To correctly write and interpret chemical formulas

2. To calculate molecular weights from chemical formulas

3. To calculate moles from grams using chemical formulas

INTRODUCTION

Part I. Symbols and formulas

An element is a homogeneous pure substance made up of identical atoms. All matter is made

up of elements and, since chemistry is the study of matter, it is convenient to use symbols to represent

the elements rather than using the entire name.

By international agreement, specific symbols are assigned to each element (Note: This means

that while names of the elements vary with language, symbols are constant throughout the world.) Each

element is assigned a one- or two-letter symbol. The first letter is capitalized, the second (if there is

one) is not. While this often seems trivial, it is in fact a very important point. For example, in chemical

language Co represents cobalt, which is a metal and an element, while CO represents carbon monoxide,

a compound which is a colorless, odorless gas! Even when there is not an obvious correspondence,

for instance "MN", it can cause confusion. Do you mean the element manganese? Did you forget a

letter and mean something else? Are you using "M" to represent something else entirely? Chemists

sometimes use "M" to represent any metal. It is well worth the trouble to memorize the symbols for

common elements.

Since compounds consist of elements, the chemical formulas of compounds also consist of

elements with subscripts used to denote the number of atoms per molecule. If there is no subscript, it is

implied that there is one of that kind of atom. Ones never appear in chemical formulas. Not only do

subscripts denote ratios of atoms, they also denote the ratio of moles of element to one mole of

compound. Parentheses can be used to show groups of atoms, with the subscripts showing how many

groups there are. Parentheses are not used if there is only one group.

Examples: For one mole of the following compounds, how many moles of each element are

present?

MgCl2 1 mole Mg, 2 moles Cl

Mg(NO3)2 1 mole Mg, 2 moles N, 6 moles O

NaNO3 1 mole Na, 1 mole N, 3 mole O

AgCl 1 mole Ag, 1 mole ClPart II. Molar Masses

Each atom has a different size and therefore a different mass. The relative masses of each

element can be found on the periodic table. For example, one atom of magnesium weighs 24.31 amu

(atomic mass units). However, one mole of magnesium weighs 24.31 g. (Moles were planned that

way!) Since one mole of MgCl2 consists of one mole of magnesium and two moles of chlorine, the

mass of one mole of MgCl2 must be the sum of the masses of the elements. The mass of one mole of a

substance is called the molar mass or molecular weight.

Examples: What is the molar mass of the following compounds?

MgCl2 24.31 + 2(35.45) = 95.21 g/mol

Mg(NO3)2 24.31 + 2(14.01) + 6(16.00) = 148.33 g/mol

NaNO3 23.00 + 14.01 + 3(16.00) = 85.01 g/mol

AgCl 107.9 + 35.45 = 143.4 g/mol

(Note: Yes! You DO have to count significant figures when calculating molecular weight/molar

mass. However, the number of significant figures may vary depending on which periodic table you use.)

Chemists are generally interested in number of moles. Unfortunately, it is impossible to measure

moles directly. However, masses are easily measured, and if the chemical formula of the compound is

known, the molar mass can be used to determine the number of moles. The molar mass is defined as:

molar mass = grams/moles = g/mol (1)

Moles may be calculated by using molar mass as a conversion factor in dimensional analysis where

molar mass in grams = 1 (exactly) mole of compound (2)

This method is used in multi-step calculations. For example, if 0.873 g of MgCl2 is weighed out, it

is 9.17 x 10-3

moles.

1 mole

0.873g x 95.21 g = 9.17 x 10-3

mol MgCl2 (3)

However, 0.873 g of AgCl is only 6.09 x 10-3

mol.

1 mole

0.873g x 143.4 g = 6.09 x 10-3

mol AgCl (4)Molar mass may also be used to relate moles to grams. For example, 0.158 mol of MgCl2 is 15.2 g.

0.158 mol x 95.21 g = 15.2 g MgCl2 (5)

1 mol

Percent is used to express parts per one hundred. Usually in chemistry, it refers to

g of species of interest x 100 = % (6)

g of whole thing

Example: For the % Mg in MgCl2: In one mole of MgCl2, there are 24.31 g of Mg (molar mass of Mg,

the part we are interested in) and 95.21 g of MgCl2 (the whole thing), so %Mg in MgCl2 is

(24.31/95.21) x 100 = 25.53% Mg (7)

PROCEDURE

Work individually.

The formula for calcium phosphate is Ca3(PO4)2. Weigh about 2 g of calcium phosphate to the

nearest 0.001 g. In other words, you do not have to have exactly 2.000g, but you must know the

weight you have exactly. Acceptable results include but are not limited to: 1.985g , 2.035g, 2.314g

etc.

Be sure to report all results with the correct number of significant figures and appropriate units!

5 0
3 years ago
What element has the electron configuration 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p66s24f145d106p2?
Marina CMI [18]
<span>6s²4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6p²
6 shows that the element is in the 6 period,
6p² shows that the element is in the 14th group. (1 and 2 groups have s -electrons as last ones, 13 group has s²p¹, and 14 group has s²p²)
The element is Pb.

</span>
3 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
What is the total number of outer (valence) electrons in carbon dioxide, co2? answer?
Anuta_ua [19.1K]
Carbon dioxide has a total of 16 valence electrons.

1. To determine the number of valence electrons of carbon dioxide (CO2), first determine the number of valence electrons of each of the elements in the molecule. 

a. We have 1 carbon (C) molecule, and 2 oxygen (O) molecules. 

b. The carbon molecule has 4 valence electrons and each oxygen molecule has 6 oxygen molecules. 

2. Add up the valence electrons of each of the elements

   4            +          (2 x 6)      = 16
(from C)           (2 oxygen molecules, with 6 valence electrons each)

Thus, CO2 has a total of 16 valence electrons. 

The number of valence electrons can be more clearly seen from the Lewis structure of the CO2 in the figure below (Source: http://chemistry.tutorvista.com/inorganic-chemistry/bonding-electrons.html). The the dots surrounding the letters represent the valence electrons. 

8 0
3 years ago
What is the final concentration of cl- ion when 250 ml of 0.20 m cacl2 solution is mixed with 250 ml of 0.40 m kcl solution? (as
serious [3.7K]

CaCl2 and KCl are both salts which dissociate in water when dissolved. Assuming that the dissolution of the two salts are 100 percent, the half reactions are:

<span>CaCl2 ---> Ca2+  +  2 Cl-</span>

KCl ---> K+ + Cl-

Therefore the total Cl- ion concentration would be coming from both salts. First, we calculate the Cl- from each salt by using stoichiometric ratio:

Cl- from CaCl2 = (0.2 moles CaCl2/ L) (0.25 L) (2 moles Cl / 1 mole CaCl2)

Cl- from CaCl2 = 0.1 moles

 

Cl- from KCl = (0.4 moles KCl/ L) (0.25 L) (1 mole Cl / 1 mole KCl)

Cl- from KCl = 0.1 moles

 

Therefore the final concentration of Cl- in the solution mixture is:

Cl- = (0.1 moles + 0.1 moles) / (0.25 L + 0.25 L)

Cl- = 0.2 moles / 0.5 moles

<span>Cl- = 0.4 moles             (ANSWER)</span>

6 0
3 years ago
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