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Solnce55 [7]
3 years ago
11

En un balneario necesitan calentarse 1 millón de litros de agua anuales, subiendo la temperatura desde 15 ºC a 50 ºC y para ello

utilizan calderas de gas natural (CH4), siendo la entalpía de combustión del metano de – 890 KJ/mol. Calcula:
a) El consumo anual de gas natural. Sol: 2630 Kg
b) El coste económico, anual, si el precio del m3, en condiciones normales, de gas natural es de 0,45 €. Datos Ce (H2O) = 4,18 KJ/Kg·K
Sol: 1657 €.
Chemistry
1 answer:
MAXImum [283]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

a) m_{CH_4}=2630kg

b) 1657 €

Explanation:

Hola,

a) En este problema, vamos a considerar el millón de litros de agua anuales, ya que con ellos podemos calcular el calor requerido para dicho calentamiento, sabiendo que la densidad del agua es de 1 kg/L:

Q_{H_2O}=m_{H_2O}Cp(T_2-T_1)=1x10^6LH_2O*\frac{1kgH_2O}{1LH_2O}*4.18\frac{kJ}{kg\°C}(50-15) \°C\\Q_{H_2O}=146.3x10^6kJ

Luego, usamos la entalpía de combustión del metano para calcular su requerimiento en kilogramos, sabiendo que la energía ganada por el agua, es perdida por el metano:

Q_{H_2O}=-Q_{CH_4}=-146.3x10^5kJ=m_{CH_4}\Delta _cH_{CH_4}

m_{CH_4}= \frac{Q_{CH_4}}{\Delta _cH_{CH_4}} =\frac{-146.3x10^5kJ}{-890kJ/molCH_4} *\frac{16gCH_4}{1molCH_4} \\\\m_{CH_4}=2630112.36g=2630kg

b) En este caso, consideramos que a condiciones normales de 1 bar y 273 K, 1 metro cúbico de metano cuesta 0,45 €, con esto, calculamos las moles de metano a dichas condiciones:

n_{CH_4}=\frac{PV}{RT}=\frac{1atm*1000L}{0.082\frac{atm*L}{mol*K}*273K} =44.67mol

Con ello, los kilogramos de metano que cuestan 0,45 €:

44.67molCH_4*\frac{16gCH_4}{1molCH_4}*\frac{1kg}{1000g} =0.715kgCH_4

Luego, aplicamos la regla de tres:

0.715 kg ⇒ 0.45 €

2630 kg ⇒ X

X = (2630 kg x 0.45 €) / 0.715 kg

X = 1657 €

Regards.

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