Because of the skin depth effect, the current at high frequency tends to flow at very low depth from radius. Then at high frequency the effective cross section of the wire is narrower than at DC.
Fro example skin depth at 100 kHz is 0.206 mm (0.008”), a wire more thicker than AWG26 could be a waste of copper, better use a bunch of thin wire (Litz wire) to rise the Q factor.
The weight of the specimen in SSD condition is 373.3 cc
<u>Explanation</u>:
a) Apparent specific gravity = 
Where,
A = mass of oven dried test sample in air = 1034 g
B = saturated surface test sample in air = 1048.9 g
C = apparent mass of saturated test sample in water = 975.6 g
apparent specific gravity =
= 
Apparent specific gravity = 2.88
b) Bulk specific gravity 

= 2.76
c) Bulk specific gravity (SSD):


= 2.80
d) Absorption% :


Absorption = 1.44 %
e) Bulk Volume :


= 
Answer:
True
Explanation:
By definition of steady flow we have

where f(x,y,z,t) is any property of the system under consideration
=> f(x,y,z,t) = constant
Answer:

Explanation:
For pressure gage we can determine this by saying:
The closed tank with oil and air has a pressure of P₁ and the pressure of oil at a certain height in the U-tube on mercury is p₁gh₁. The pressure of mercury on the air in pressure gauge is p₂gh₂. The pressure of the gage is P₂.

We want to work out P₁-P₂: Heights aren't given so we can solve it in terms of height: assuming h₁=h₂=h

Answer:
<em> - 14.943 W/m^2K ( negative sign indicates cooling ) </em>
Explanation:
Given data:
Area of FPC = 4 m^2
temp of water = 60°C
flow rate = 0.06 l/s
ambient temperature = 8°C
exit temperature = 49°C
<u>Calculate the overall heat loss coefficient </u>
Note : heat lost by water = heat loss through convection
m*Cp*dT = h*A * ( T - To )
∴ dT / T - To = h*A / m*Cp ( integrate the relation )
In (
) = h* 4 / ( 0.06 * 10^-3 * 1000 * 4180 )
In ( 41 / 52 ) = 0.0159*h
hence h = - 0.2376 / 0.0159
= - 14.943 W/m^2K ( heat loss coefficient )