B). light energy is not required to proceed
Explanation:
In the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis, light energy is not required. The Calvin cycle is light independent and it is made up of a series of redox reactions.
- During photosynthesis reactions, green plants manufacture their food using carbon dioxide, sunlight and water.
- During the Calvin cycle aspect, light energy is not required for chemical reactions to take place. The light energy helps to move electrons.
- The cycle is also known as dark reactions.
- It is at this stage that carbon dioxide combines with water to form glucose.
- The reaction is initiated with light energy which produces NADPH and ATP.
- The Calvin cycle follows by using the NADPH and ATP to produce glucose in the dark phase.
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ATP brainly.com/question/2953868
Light dependent reactions brainly.com/question/6866300
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Answer:
Covalent, or, elements on the right side of the ladder (on the periodic table). Covalent compounds satisfy the octet rule by sharing electrons.
Aqua regia is an oxidative mixture that is highly corrosive and is composed of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid. The Ea (rev) for the reaction is 3 kJ.
<h3>What is activation energy?</h3>
The activation energy is the minimum required energy by the reactant to undergo changes to form the product. The activation energy of the reverse reaction is given by the difference in the production state and transition state.
It is given as,
Ea (rev) = Ea (fwd) − ΔHrxn
Given,
ΔH° = 83KJ
Ea (fwd) = 86 kJ/mol
Substituting the values above as:
Ea (rev) = 86 - 83
= 3 kJ
Therefore, the activation energy of the reverse reaction is 3 kJ.
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Chemical bonds is the answer
