Answer:
-a nonmetal is a substance that lacks the characteristics of a metal.
-Seventeen elements are generally classified as nonmetals: most are gases (hydrogen, helium, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, neon, chlorine, argon, krypton, xenon and radon); one is a liquid (bromine); and a few are solids (carbon, phosphorus, sulfur, selenium, and iodine).
All elements in their standard states (oxygen<span> gas, solid carbon in the form of graphite, etc.) have a standard </span>enthalpy of formation<span> of </span>zero<span>, as there is no change involved in their </span>formation<span>.</span>
It is actually something standardized more so than theoretical, however in terms of atoms in general the electrons are based on the amount of electronic shells that an atom has and the amount of electrons that atom can accommodate. In the case of sodium, it has three shells with 2 electrons on the first shell which is the maximum, 8 on the second shell which is also the max and 1 on their final shell
So simply put an ATOM of Sodium (Na) has 23 electrons because it has 23 protons which is a fact
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