Question

Determine which of the acids are Arrhenius acids, Brønsted–Lowry acids, and Lewis acids. It is possible for an acid to be of more than one type. Which acids are Arrhenius acids?

Answer 1

This is an incomplete question, here is a complete question.

Determine which of the acids are Arrhenius acids, Brønsted–Lowry acids, and Lewis acids. It is possible for an acid to be of more than one type. Which acids are Arrhenius acids?

AlCl₃ (aq)

BCl₃ (aq)

HCl (aq)

Answer :

HCl is an Arrhenius acid and Bronsted Lowry acid

AlCl₃ is a Lewis-acid

BCl₃ is a Lewis-acid

Explanation :

According to Arrhenius concept, a base is defined as a substance which donates hydroxide ions $(OH^-)$ when dissolved in water and an acid is defined as a substance which donates hydronium ions $(H_3O^+)$ in water.

According to the Bronsted Lowry conjugate acid-base theory, an acid is defined as a substance which donates protons and a base is defined as a substance which accepts protons.

According to the Lewis concept, an acid is defined as a substance that accepts electron pairs and base is defined as a substance which donates electron pairs.

From this we conclude that:

HCl is an Arrhenius acid because it donates hydrogen ion and also Bronsted Lowry acid because it also donate protons.

AlCl₃ is a Lewis-acid because it is a electron deficient and accept lone pair of elections.

BCl₃ is a Lewis-acid because it is a electron deficient and accept lone pair of elections.