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LuckyWell [14K]
3 years ago
8

What is a valence electron ?

Chemistry
2 answers:
timofeeve [1]3 years ago
6 0

a valence electron is an outer shell electron that is associated with an atom, and that can participate in the formation of a chemical bond if the outer shell is not closed; in a single covalent bond, both atoms in the bond contribute one valence electron in order to form a shared pair.

natulia [17]3 years ago
5 0

electron in the outermost energy ring


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PLEASE ANSWER CORRECTLY! MARKING BRANLIEST!
seropon [69]

Answer: oil spill, forest fire

Explanation:

The short term environmental change is a change that occur in an environment which exerts it's effect over the environment and the living beings for a short duration. The damage caused by the short term environmental change can be recovered in a short time. The oil spill and forests fire are the example of short term environmental changes.

The oil spill will reduce the abundance of the aquatic species until the oil is circulated out at the bay of the water body therefore, it is a short term environmental change.

Forests fire will remain ignited for a short period but can be destructive enough to cause damage to flora and fauna species. As time passes the reduced populations of flora and fauna can be recovered again.

5 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Rank these acids according to their expected pKa values.
givi [52]

Answer:

According to their expected pKa values, the order of those acids should be:

1- Cl2CHCOOH is the strongest acid and the lowest pKa.

2- ClCH2COOH is a strong acid, but no more than the first. Medium pKa value.

3- ClCH2CH2COOH is a strong acid, but no more than the two previous acids. High pKa value.

4- CH3CH2COOH  is the weakest acid, so the highest pKa value.

Explanation:

The pKa values are the negative logarithm of dissociation constant. It represents the relative strengths of the acids. Stronger acids show smaller pKa values and weak acids present larger pKa value. The stronger the acid, the weaker it's the conjugate base. The larger the pKa of the conjugate base, the stronger the acid. The strength of an acid is inversely related to the strength of its conjugate.

Conjugate bases are the substance that has one less proton than the parent acid. The conjugate base of the acid presented in the problem are:

ClCH2COOH -> ClCH2COO-  + H+

ClCH2CH2COOH -> ClCH2CH2COO- + H+

CH3CH2COOH -> CH3CH2COO- + H+

Cl2CHCOOH -> Cl2CHCOO - + H+

Cl2CHCOOH. The negative charge presented on its conjugate base is by resonance and inductive effect. This is the strongest acid.

ClCH2COOH. A negative charge is stabilized by resonance and electron-withdrawing but only one atom is present. So this acid is less strong than the first one.

ClCH2CH2COOH. The negative charge is stabilized by resonance and electron-withdrawing atom but the effect is less compared to the two acids showed previously.

CH3CH2COOH. The negative charge is stabilized by resonance and destabilized due to CH3 group. This is the weakest acid among the problem.

Stronger acids have smaller pKa values and weak acids have larger pKa values. Due to the information present in this problem, Cl2CHCOOH is the strongest acid and the lowest pKa. CH3CH2COOH is the weakest acid, so the highest pKa value.

Finally, we can conclude that according to their expected pKa values, the order of those acids should be:

1- Cl2CHCOOH is the strongest acid and the lowest pKa.

2- ClCH2COOH is a strong acid, but no more than the first. Medium pKa value.

3- ClCH2CH2COOH is a strong acid, but no more than the two previous acids. High pKa value.

4- CH3CH2COOH  is the weakest acid, so the highest pKa value.

3 0
3 years ago
Write the chemical formula, condensed formula, and Lewis structure for each of the following hydrocarbons:
son4ous [18]

Explanation:

Here I send you all the 3 elements that you are asking for.

Notice that first on the left you will find lewis structure, then condensed and finally chemical formula of each of the compound you enlisted.

5 0
3 years ago
There are many ways that you can tell whether a chemical change has occurred. Which of the following is NOT a sign of chemical c
Vesnalui [34]

Answer:

liquid bolling

Explanation:

because it just using heat.

7 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
PLEASE HELP 16. (4 points) Sodium reacts with oxygen to produce sodium oxide as described by the balanced equation below. If 54.
never [62]
Percent yield of the equation at above condidtions will be 42.4%
4 0
3 years ago
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