Potential energy is the energy that is possible to be realized, based on position, while the kinetic energy is the energy that is present and due to motion
The location where the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy is the point (2)
Reason:
The mechanical energy, M.E., of the roller coaster, is given as follows;
M.E. = P.E. + K.E.
Where;
P.E. = The potential energy = m·g·h
K.E. = The kinetic energy =
Where;
v = The velocity
h = The height
m = The mass
g = Acceleration due to gravity
∴ M.E. = m·g·h +
The mechanical energy, M.E., is constant, therefore;
When the height, h = 0, we have, the kinetic energy is maximum, given that the mechanical energy is entirely kinetic energy
Therefore;
The locations where potential energy is converted to kinetic energy are lowest locations, where the height, <em>h</em>, is minimum, such as the point (2)
Learn more about potential and kinetic energy here: