Answer:
3,964 years.
Explanation:
- It is known that the decay of a radioactive isotope isotope obeys first order kinetics.
- Half-life time is the time needed for the reactants to be in its half concentration.
- If reactant has initial concentration [A₀], after half-life time its concentration will be ([A₀]/2).
- Also, it is clear that in first order decay the half-life time is independent of the initial concentration.
- The half-life of the element is 5,730 years.
- For, first order reactions:
<em>k = ln(2)/(t1/2) = 0.693/(t1/2).</em>
Where, k is the rate constant of the reaction.
t1/2 is the half-life of the reaction.
∴ k =0.693/(t1/2) = 0.693/(5,730 years) = 1.21 x 10⁻⁴ year⁻¹.
- Also, we have the integral law of first order reaction:
<em>kt = ln([A₀]/[A]),</em>
where, k is the rate constant of the reaction (k = 1.21 x 10⁻⁴ year⁻¹).
t is the time of the reaction (t = ??? year).
[A₀] is the initial concentration of the sample ([A₀] = 100%).
[A] is the remaining concentration of the sample ([A] = 61.9%).
∴ t = (1/k) ln([A₀]/[A]) = (1/1.21 x 10⁻⁴ year⁻¹) ln(100%/61.9%) = 3,964 years.
The best and most correct answer among the choices provided by your question is the first choice or letter A "<span>The chemical bonds of the products have more energy than the chemical bonds of the reactants."
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The term endothermic<span> process describes a process or </span>reaction<span> in which the system absorbs energy from its surroundings; usually, but not always, in the form of heat.</span>
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The ionic formula of sodium oxide would be Na20
The balanced chemical reaction is :
Number of moles of Na, 
.
Now, from balance chemical reaction we can see that 1 mole of oxygen reacts with 4 moles of sodium.
So, number of moles of oxygen are :
So, amount of oxygen required is :
Therefore, 5.08 gram of oxygen will react with 14.6 gram of sodium.
