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Ad libitum [116K]
3 years ago
11

How many molecules of water can be produced from 46.72 liters of C8H18? 2\:C_8H_{18}\:+\:25\:O_2\:\:\Longrightarrow\:\:16\:CO_2\

:+\:18\:H_2O2818+252⟹162+182 2 C 8 H 18 + 25 O 2 ⟹ 16 C O 2 + 18 H 2 O
Chemistry
1 answer:
Dmitry [639]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

1.13×10^25 molecules of water.

Explanation:

Equation of the reaction;

C8H18(g) + 25/2 O2 (g) -------> 8CO2(g) + 9H2O(l)

It is important to first put down the balanced reaction equation. It is not possible to solve any problem on stoichiometric relationship without a balanced reaction equation. Once the equation is obtained, we can now proceed with other steps in the solution of the problem.

From the reaction equation, 1 mole of C8H18 produces 9 moles of water

1 mole of C8H18 occupies 22.4L volume while 1 mole of water contains 6.02×10^23 molecules of water

Hence

22.4 L of C8H18 produces 9(6.02×10^23) molecules of water

46.72 L of C8H18 will produce 46.72 L × 9(6.02×10^23) molecules of water/22.4 L

= 113×10^23 or 1.13×10^25 molecules of water.

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If we start with 1.000 g of strontium-90, 0.805 g will remain after 9.00 yr. This means that the of strontium-90 is ________ yr.
lesantik [10]

The question is incomplete, here is the complete question.

If we start with 1.000 g of strontium-90, 0.805 g will remain after 9.00 yr. This means that the half-life of strontium-90 is ________ yr.

a. 28.8 b. 30.9 c. 35.4 d. 32.2

Answer :  The half-life of strontium-90 is 28.8 years.

Explanation :

This is a type of radioactive decay and all radioactive decays follow first order kinetics.

First we have to calculate the rate constant.

Expression for rate law for first order kinetics is given by :

k=\frac{2.303}{t}\log\frac{a}{a-x}

where,

k = rate constant

t = time taken for decay process  = 9.00 year

a = initial amount or moles of the reactant  = 1.000 g

a - x = amount or moles left after decay process  = 0.805 g

Putting values in above equation, we get:

k=\frac{2.303}{9.00}\log\frac{1.00}{0.805}

k=0.0241\text{ year}^{-1}

To calculate the half-life, we use the formula :

k=\frac{0.693}{t_{1/2}}

0.0241\text{ year}^{-1}=\frac{0.693}{t_{1/2}}

t_{1/2}=28.8\text{ years}

Therefore, the half-life of strontium-90 is 28.8 years.

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3 years ago
Why are large differences in temperature between the wet bulb and dry bulb thermometers are possible only at higher temperatures
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Answer:

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Explanation:

8 0
3 years ago
Stoichiometry<br> Please show how to get this I don't understand any part of it!!
tatiyna

Answer:

The following is a rather lengthy discussion on chemical stoichiometry, but it will lead you through the mole concept and its application to chemical reaction stoichiometry. The problems are different than the one posted, but if you can follow this, then you can work your problem of interest.

Explanation:

Stoichiometry is very easy to master if you understand the ‘mole concept’ and how it is used to define and describe chemical process mathematically. A ‘mole’ – in chemistry – is the mass of substance containing one Avogadro’s Number of particles. That is, N₀ = 6.023 x 10²³ particles / mole. When working with chemical reactions and equations data should be first converted to moles using the following conversions.  

1 mole = 1 formula weight = 6.023 x 10²³ particles = 22.4 liters at STP(0⁰, 1atm).

In this problem you are given the equation 2Na + 2H₂O => 2NaOH + H₂. ‘Reading the equation’ there are 2 moles of Na, 2 moles of water, 2 moles of NaOH and 1 mole of H₂. In another example 3H₂ + N₂ => 2NH₃ there are 3 moles of H₂, 1 mole of N₂ and 2 moles of NH₃. The mole values can be multiples or fractions but if one mole value increases all the remaining mole values increase or decrease proportionally. For example:

Using the equation 2Na + 2H₂O => 2NaOH + H₂, one could multiply the equation by 2 giving 4Na + 4H₂O => 4NaOH + 2H₂. The equation shows balance but is not in standard form. If one multiplies the equation by ½ gives Na + H₂ => NaOH + ½H₂. Again, the equation shows balance but is not in standard form.

Standard form of equation also implies the equation conditions are at 0⁰C & 1atm pressure and 1 mole of any gas phase substance occupies 22.4 Liters volume. Such is the significance of converting given data to moles as all other substance mass (in moles) are proportional.  

1st problem, 1.76 x 10²⁴ formula units of Na will react with water (usually read as an excess) to produce (?) grams of H₂.

1st write the equation followed by listing the givens below the respective formulas… That is…

                         Na                      +            H₂O       =>    NaOH    +    H₂,

Given:      1.76 x 10²⁴ atoms                excess             ---------          ? grams

               = 1.76 x 10²⁴atoms/6.023 x 10²³atoms/mole

               = 2.922moles                                        produces  =>    2.922moles H₂ (b/c coefficients of Na & H₂ are same)

                                                      Convert moles to grams =>    2.922moles H₂  x  2.000 grams H₂/mole H₂

                                                                                                              = 5.8443 grams H₂

2nd problem, 3.5 moles Na will react with H₂O (in excess) to produce (?) moles of NaOH.

Again, write equation and assign values to each formula unit in the equation.

                         Na                      +            H₂O        =>           NaOH    +    H₂,

Given:            3.5moles                       excess                      ? grams       ----

Since coefficients of balanced std equation are equal …

                      3.5 moles Na                          produces =>     3.5 moles NaOH

                                             Convert moles to grams =>     3.5 moles NaOH x 40 g Na/mole Na

                                                                                                  = 140 grams NaOH

3rd problem, 2.75 x 10²⁵ molecules H₂O will react with (?) atoms of Na.

Same procedure, convert to moles, solve problem by ratios then convert to needed dimension at end of problem.

                         Na          +            H₂O                                   =>           NaOH           +    H₂

Given:           excess            2.75 x 10²⁵ molecules H₂O    =>      ? atoms NaOH       ----

Convert to moles =>          2.75 x 10²⁵ molecules H₂O / 6.023 x 10²³ molecules H₂O/mole H₂O  

                                             = 45.658 moles H₂O              =>  45.658 moles NaOH  (coefficients are equal)

Convert moles NaOH to grams NaOH                            =>   45.658 moles NaOH x  40 grams NaOH/mole NaOH

                                                                                                     = 1826.33 grams NaOH  

Master the mole concept and you master a lot of chemistry! Good luck.

8 0
3 years ago
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