The first one. The E and B chatacteristic are perpendicular to eachother. The direction of the wave can be found by the right hand rule.
An electron that is far away from the nucleus have higher energy than an electron near the nucleus. Nucleus are positively charged and those electrons near it get attracted; those electrons gain kinetic energy hence reducing their internal energy. The electrons far from nucleus have low kinetic energy hence more internal energy.
If I drop my egg unprotected, then it will break.
