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In order to deprotonate an acid, we must remove protons in order to achieve a more stable conjugate base. For this example, we can use the relationship between carboxylic acid and hydroxide.
Deprotonation is the removal of a proton from a specific type of acid in reaction to its coming into contact with a strong base. The compound formed from this reaction is known as the conjugate base of that acid. The opposite process is also possible and is when a proton is added to a special kind of base. This is a process referred to as protonation, which forms the conjugate acid of that base.
For the example we have chosen to give, the conjugate base is the carboxylate salt. This would be the compound formed by the deprotonated carboxylic acid. The base in question was strong enough to deprotonate the acid due to the greater stability offered as a conjugated base.
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<span>Sulfur Hexachloride
SCl6 So now we count the number of valence electrons each has by seeing what column it's in, (1-8) not counting the columns of the transition metals.
Since Sulfur is in the 6th and Chlorine is in the 7th, and there are 6 chlorines, we can add up all their valence electrons:
6*1+7*6=48 valence electrons.
But remember that electrons come in pairs, either in bonds or as lone pairs. So I usually divide the valence electron number by 2 and just think about placing pairs. It's up to you, but I think it's convenient since we can count "1" in our mind each time we place a bond or a electron pair. So we need to place 24 pairs/bonds.
So we can guess that sulfur is a central atom and draw out a bond from sulfur to each chlorine. Since Sulfur is in the 3rd row it can use d-orbitals to break the octet rule. So when we bond all the chlorines onto sulfur we get:
(see the figure)
and
</span><span>So we made 6 bonds, that means we used up 12 electrons, so if you're counting (AND YOU SHOULD BE!) you have 36 electrons or simply 18 electron pairs left to place. Now let's give chlorine a neutral charge.</span>
(see the figure)
and
</span><span>So we made 6 bonds, that means we used up 12 electrons, so if you're counting (AND YOU SHOULD BE!) you have 36 electrons or simply 18 electron pairs left to place. Now let's give chlorine a neutral charge.</span>