Explanation:
We need to apply the conservation law of linear momentum to two dimensions:
Let
= momentum of the 1st ball
= momentum of the 2nd ball
In the x-axis, the conservation law can be written as

or

Since we are dealing with identical balls, all the m terms cancel out so we are left with

Putting in the numbers, we get


In the y-axis, there is no initial y-component of the momentum before the collision so we can write

or

Taking the ratio of the sine equation to the cosine equation, we get

or

Solving now for
,

Answer:
Explanation:
Given the following data;
Distance = 46 km
Time = 11 minutes
To find the average speed;
Speed = distance/time
Are there options to this question?
<span>First, there is no external force acting on the asteroids ( I don't think so, since they are travelling at constant velocity).
Since there is no external force acting on the individual asteroids, their respective momenta are constant in time as well.
So, in your momentum v/s Time graph, the momenta for each asteroid will correspond to a straight line parallel to time axis.
This happens until they collide. On collision an impulse acts on each asteroid ( by Newton's third law, the same magnitude of impulse acts on the two bodies).
Due to this impulse, their respective momenta will change. You just need a little mathematics to figure out the respective momenta after the collision.
Keep in mind there is no external force on the system, so after collision, the asteroids would again move with constant velocities.
(Conservation of linear momentum of the system would help! You just need another equation to find out the velocities)</span>